نتایج جستجو برای: bursate nematodes
تعداد نتایج: 14920 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
In order to identify the plant-parasitic nematodes of important cereals (wheat, barley, and corn) in Isfahan Province, 120 soil and root samples were collected from the rhizosphere of these crops in various locations in the region during 1999 and 2000. Nematodes were extracted from soil by sieving and centrifugal sugar-flotation method. The specimens were killed and fixed in FGA (formaldehyde, ...
Soil samples were collected from the whole territory of the Czech Republic, and the presence of entomopathogenic nematodes from the families Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae was evaluated by Galleria traps method. Of the 342 samples studied, 53.8% were positive for entomopathogenic nematodes with only one positive for the heterorhabditid, Heterorhabditis megidis Poinar, Jackson et Klein, ...
In Caenorhabditis elegans, although acute toxicity of TiO(2) nanoparticles (TiO(2)-NPs) at high concentrations has been investigated, we still know little about chronic toxicity of TiO(2)-NPs. Our data here showed that acute TiO(2)-NPs exposure in the range of μg/L had no obviously adverse effects on nematodes, but the chronic toxicities of large sizes (60 nm and 90 nm) of TiO(2)-NPs in the ran...
The importance of growing sugarcane varieties that minimise losses from nematodes is linked to the effect that the nematodes have on the cane. Revised estimates of crop loss from nematodes in South Africa indicate a reduction in yield equivalent to more than 1.6 million tons cane per annum. The most pathogenic species on sugarcane, Meloidogyne javanica, is restricted to very sandy soils. The ot...
Many organisms live in confined fluidic environments such as the thin liquid layers on the skin of host organisms or in partially-saturated soil. We investigate the collective behaviour of nematodes in a thin liquid layer, which was first described by Gray and Lissmann [J. Exp. Biol., 1964, 41, 135]. We show experimentally that nematodes confined by a thin liquid film come into contact spontane...
Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis are among the most important parasitic nematodes of small ruminants. Caenorhabditis elegans, a free-living nematode, is used as a model for evaluating anthelmintic activity of a variety of test substances. Extracts of several medicinal plants are useful in vitro and in vivo against nematode development. Extracts of Curtisia dentata, a Sout...
Living Xiphinema americanum (Xa) and X. rivesi (Xr) extracted from soil samples and stored for 1-5 days at 4 or 20 C contained aseptate fungal hyphae. The fungi directly penetrated the nematode's cuticle from spores encysted near the head. Penetration through the stoma, vulva, or anus was rare. Catenaria anguillulae (Cat), Lagenidium caudatura (Lag), Aphanomyces sp. (Aph), and Leptolegnia sp. (...
The pecan weevil, Curculio caryae (Horn), is a key pest of pecans in the Southeast. Entomopathogenic nematodes have been shown to be pathogenic toward the larval stage of this pest. Before this research, only three species of nematodes had been tested against pecan weevil larvae. In this study, the virulence of the following nine species and 15 strains of nematodes toward fourth-instar pecan we...
The antibiotic 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG) is produced by some isolates of the beneficial bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens. DAPG is toxic to many organisms, and crop yield increases have been reported after application of DAPG-producing P. fluorescens. This study was conducted to determine whether DAPG is toxic to selected nematodes. The plant-parasitic nematodes Heterodera glycines, Mel...
Sedentary plant-parasitic cyst nematodes are biotrophs that cause significant losses in agriculture. Parasitism is based on modifications of host root cells that lead to the formation of a hypermetabolic feeding site (a syncytium) from which nematodes withdraw nutrients. The host cell cycle is activated in an initial cell selected by the nematode for feeding, followed by activation of neighbori...
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