This study aims to determine the battery electric bus service and charging strategy minimize total operational cost of transit system, where incurred by degradation non-linear profile is taken into account. We formulate a set partitioning model for this problem, subject predefined trip schedule limited facilities. A tailored branch-and-price approach then proposed find global optimal solution. ...

There are two types of operational cost involved, these are layover (idle time) and dead running (relocating the bus between locations without passenger, this includes leaving and returning to the depot). The objective is to minimise the operational cost and the number of buses. Given the nature of the problem it is almost always impossible to reduce the layover and dead running cost to zero. T...

This paper presents a model to schedule school buses transportation routes. Student’s daily routes defined between student’s homes, schools and extra curricula activities are analysed while accounting for three different objectives: number of vehicles, route total time and average passenger travelling time. A combined multiobjective function is defined. As solution method to this problem, a heu...

Multi-Chip Module design is an increasingly common design style for integrated circuits. The area taken up by buses in a multi-chip module design has a signiicant eeect on the size of the circuit. This paper considers several diierent methods that reduce the required number of buses. Two models of interchip communication are studied. The rst, called immediate transfer, requires that all values ...

Prioritizing tasks in Hard-Real-Time Systems is a problem belonging to NP-hard class. Scheduling and resource allocation in real-time systems are difficult problems due to the timing constraints of the tasks involved. Scheduling policies in hard real-time systems need to ensure that tasks will meet their deadlines under all circumstances, even in the presence of faults. This work presents techn...

In this paper, we concentrate on aspects related to the synthesis of distributed embedded systems consisting of programmable processors and application-specific hardware components. The approach is based on an abstract graph representation that captures, at process level, both dataflow and the flow of control. Our goal is to derive a worst case delay by which the system completes execution, suc...

Public buses play an important role in public transportation in most parts of the world and it is still the dominant public transportation mode in some regions. Nowadays, as people switch to a mobile lifestyle, they spend significant amount of time on the traveling to work, back and forth. However, not much research has been done on how to provide some on-board service for those commuters in th...