Interleukin-21 (IL-21) is a type I cytokine that modulates functions of T, B, natural killer (NK), and myeloid cells. The IL-21 receptor (IL-21R) is closely related to the IL-2 receptor beta chain and is capable of transducing signals through its dimerization with the common cytokine receptor gamma chain (gamma(c)), the protein whose expression is defective in humans with X-linked severe combin...

BACKGROUND Anti-retroviral treated HIV-infected patients are at risk of mitochondrial toxicity, but non-invasive markers are lacking. Serum FGF-21 (fibroblast growth factor 21) levels correlate strongly with muscle biopsy findings in inherited mitochondrial disorders. We therefore aimed to determine whether serum FGF-21 levels correlate with muscle mitochondrial dysfunction in HIV-infected pati...

Genetic modification of whole-cell cancer vaccines to augment their efficacies has a history of over two and a half decades. Various genes and gene combinations, targeting different aspects of immune responses have been tested in pursuit of potent adjuvant effects. Here we show that co-expression of two cytokine members of the common cytokine receptor γ-chain family, IL-21 and IL-7, in whole-ce...

in this study, the isothermal reduction of iron oxide pellets, made of iranian chadormalo, gole-gohar, and sangan iron ores, was investigated in the temperature range of 900-1100°c. tabas, pabdana, babnizoo, karmozd, and shahrood domestic coals were used as reductants. parametric studies were performed and the effects of such factors as temperature, average particle size of iron ore and coal fi...

In this study, the isothermal reduction of iron oxide pellets, made of Iranian Chadormalo, Gole-gohar, and Sangan iron ores, was investigated in the temperature range of 900-1100°C. Tabas, Pabdana, Babnizoo, Karmozd, and Shahrood domestic coals were used as reductants. Parametric studies were performed and the effects of such factors as temperature, average particle size of iron ore and coal fi...

Abstract Based on maximally entangled states, we explore the constructions of mutually unbiased bases in bipartite quantum systems. We present a new way to construct by difference matrices theory combinatorial designs. In particular, establish q with − 1 and one product basis <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="i...

Transgenerational effects can buffer populations against environmental change, yet little is known about underlying mechanisms, their persistence or the influence of environmental cue timing. We investigated mitochondrial respiratory capacity (MRC) and gene expression of marine sticklebacks that experienced acute or developmental acclimation to simulated ocean warming (21°C) across three genera...