We evaluated heifers crossbred from seven breeds of sires (Hereford, Angus, Belgian Blue, Piedmontese, Brahman, Boran, and Tuli) and three breeds of dams (Angus, Hereford, and MARC III [four-breed composite]). Heifers were mated to Red Poll sires to calve at 2 yr of age. Heifers were placed in two treatments from weaning to breeding and raised on a high nutrition level (15.8 Mcal ME/d) or on 80...

Synchronizing estrus is an effective way to maximize the use of time and labor required to detect standing estrus in cattle. However, estrous synchronization can also benefit overall herd management. Cows that are synchronized 1) exhibit standing estrus at a predicted time, 2) conceive earlier in the breeding season, 3) calve earlier in the calving season, and 4) wean calves that are older and ...

Twenty Lithuanian Black-and-White calves (10 bulls, 10 heifers) were used to evaluate the effects of the supplemental probiotic product, Enterococcus faecium M74 (2.4 g/day/calve), added to fresh milk and skimmed milk in a 56 day-study. The probiotic was administered by dietary supplementation to first group of calves and their respective pens (probiotic group), whereas the second group (contro...

Toxocara vitulorum has been rarely reported in yaks at high altitudes and remote areas of Sichuan Province of Tibetan Plateau of China. The current study was designed to investigate the prevalence, associated risk factors, and phylogenetic characteristics of T. vitulorum in yak calves on the Qinghai Tibetan plateau. Fecal samples were collected from 891 yak calves and were examined for the pres...

[1] We used Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar to study the detachment process that allowed two large icebergs to calve from the Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica. Time series of rift geometries indicate that rift widths increased steadily, whereas rift lengths increased episodically through several discrete rift-tip propagation events. We also conducted modeling experiments constrained by the o...

Cartilage defects of the hip cause significant pain and may lead to arthritic changes that necessitate hip replacement. We propose the use of fresh osteochondral allografts as an option for the treatment of such defects in young patients. Here we present the results of fresh osteochondral allografts for cartilage defects in 17 patients in a prospective study. The underlying diagnoses for the ca...

In this paper, we address some modelling issues related to biological growth. Our treatment is based on a recently-proposed, general formulation for growth within the context of mixture theory (Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, 52, 2004, 1595–1625). We aim to enhance this treatment by making it more appropriate for the biophysics of growth in soft tissue, specifically tendon. This...

For an embryo transfer program to be effective, numerous factors need to be put in place to ensure success. Nutrition, estrous cycle control, donor and recipient management are all factors responsible for the success or failure in fertility for a given herd. Utilization of body condition score is a practical method to determine nutritional status of both recipients and donors. Prepartum nutriti...

It has been shown by a number of workers that seasonal mating is desirable in the Queensland beef industry because of its effect on calf growth, and the Iiveweight of breeding cows. Sutherland (1961) reported that calves born following an October to December mating were approximately 45 kg heavier at 270 days of age than were calves born following a January to June mating. In addition, Stubbs (...

The importance of a successful transition from late pregnancy to early lactation is well accepted . Health problems during the transition period can easily erase the entire profit potential for an individual cow in that lactation, through increased costs for veterinary treatment and lost production potential (Drackley, 1999). The incidence of health problems on US dairy farms today remains stag...