Introduction: Carbonates play a significant role in determining the history of the Martian atmosphere, geology, and hydrology. Their presence and properties can give useful information about the specific environment in which they formed in the past. The work presented here demonstrates that the spectral character of Mars is consistent with and unique to the presence of small amounts of carbonat...

The cyclic carbonate moiety finds many industrial applications because of its unique chemistry and properties. Phosgene, a highly toxic and corrosive reagent, has been utilized in the past to prepare low yields of fatty ester compounds (1) that contain a five-membered cyclic carbonate group. Herein, we show (CH3)4N HCO3, tetramethylammonium hydrogen carbonate (TMAHC), to react efficiently with ...

.......................................................................... iii List of publications............................................................. iv Table of