waste is a by-product of our daily activities, which poses a serious threat to societies all over the world. in this study, life cycle assessment (lca) methodology was used to determine municipal solid waste (msw) management strategy for minna, niger state, nigeria. three scenarios were modelled as alternatives to the current waste management system in minna. the baseline scenario was the exist...

There are global concerns about dietary exposure to metal(loid)s in foods. However, little is known the relative contribution of rice versus fish multiple metal(loid) for general population, especially Asia where and major food sources. We compared contributions consumption multi-metal(loid) on city-scale (Nanjing) province-scale China. The effects ingestion rate, level, bioaccessibility were e...

Measurement of human urinary carcinogen metabolites is a practical approach for obtaining important information about tobacco and cancer. This review presents currently available methods and evaluates their utility. Carcinogens and their metabolites and related compounds that have been quantified in the urine of smokers or non-smokers exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) include trans,t...