Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in appropriately selected patients has been shown to improve cardiac function, heart failure symptoms, and survival.1,2 On the basis of results of large, randomized trials, current American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology/Heart Rhythm Society guidelines recommend consideration of CRT in patients with cardiomyopathy on optimal medical ther...

In the western population, approximately 40% of heart failure is associated with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 0.35 or less. Conduction abnormalities are common in systolic heart failure. A third of the patients with QRS greater than 120 msec have left bundle branch block (LBBB) and 17% have QRS duration 150 msec [1]. Delayed atrio-ventricular (AV) and intraventricular conduction...

Significant developmentin modern cardiac (or cardiovascular) electrical devices (CIEDs), including permanent pacemakers, implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs), and cardiac resynchronization therapy, is contributing to the improvement in both the survival rate and quality of life in patients with cardiac arrhythmias and/or heart failure. The number of CIED implantations has increased si...

n-terminal pro β-type natriuretic peptide (nt-probnp) is a valuable marker for monitoring the response to treatment in patients with heart failure. based on the clinically observed improvement of heart failure symptoms early after cardiac resynchronization therapy (crt), we sought to investigate whether crt induce any significant reduction in the plasma level of nt-probnp in three days after im...

Abstract Background Phrenic nerve stimulation is a well-recognized complication related to cardiac implantable electronic devices, in particular with left ventricular coronary sinus pacing leads for resynchronization therapy. Case presentation We report an unusual case of symptomatic phrenic due inadvertent placement right defibrillation lead posterior branch patient heart failure reduced eject...