Osmotic activity is the process when water in one solution, with lower concentration of e.g. salt ions or sugar molecules, moves through a semipermeable barrier in the direction of a higher concentration to equalize concentrations. The osmotic activity could both be measured in milliosmoles/kilogram (mOsm/kg) solvent, i.e. osmolality, and calculated as milliosmoles/liter (mOsm/L) solution, i.e....

Background Invasive right heart catheterization plays a central role in the investigation of patients with cardiac and pulmonary vascular disease. Physiological provocations during invasive heart catheterization augment the diagnostic yield and can provide useful prognostic information. MRI catheterization combines invasive hemodynamic measurements with MRI structural and functional evaluations...

BACKGROUND Cardiac catheterization is the standard procedure for the diagnosis of coronary heart disease. The threat physically and emotionally from this procedure can affect the patient's perception of their health. The heightened psychological distress associated with this diagnostic procedure can cause adverse patient outcomes. Non-pharmacologic interventions have been implemented to reduce ...

Background and objectives: Patients experience moderate to high level of anxiety before cardiac catheterization. This study aimed to investigate the effect of voice of Quran on anxiety before cardiac catheterization. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 60 patients who met the inclusion criteria were conveniently sampled and randomly allocated to the experimental and control groups. In...

introduction central vein catheterization (cvc) is an important procedure for emergency departments (ed). despite the existence of ultrasonography (us) devices in every ed, cvc was accomplished by anatomical landmarks in many eds in iran. objective this study was designed for the evaluation of us-guided cvcs, anatomical landmark cvcs, and the promotion of us-guided cvc in iran. methods and mate...

background: pulmonary arterial hypertension is a complication of most congenital heart diseases. we sought to assess the effect of sildenafil on patients suffering from pulmonary arterial hypertension in association with congenital heart disease on the basis of clinical and echocardiographic parameters and compare the catheterization and treatment results so as to evaluate the predictive value ...

background sepsis can be defined as the body’s response to an infection. sepsis in children remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. objectives this study focuses on the etiological factors, risk factors, and clinical characteristics of sepsis in neonate and pediatric patients. patients and methods a prospective study was conducted over a six-month period in the pediatr...

background: emergence delirium (ed) is a frequent postoperative complication in children. its prevalence is about 25-80% and is observed more commonly with rapid-acting volatile anesthetics than the older inhalation agents. methods: 30 patients aging between 2 to 8 years were included in this randomized double blind study. we compared the effect of combination of two anesthetic drugs, propofol-...

background and objectives : relatively little is known about the relationship between religion and abstinence. the aim of this study was to examine the correlation between religious beliefs and behaviors and the intention of premarital sexual abstinence among iranian youths. methods: the current study was a cross-sectional one carried out among youths of five universities in shiraz, iran. 577 p...