The use of surfactants to reduce the number of residual particles following chemical-mechanical planarization during integrated circuit manufacturing is relatively new. Recent results using cetyl pyridinium chloride and other cationic surfactant molecules show that surfactants are very effective in reducing the number density of residual polishing particles. The effectiveness of the surfactants...

A colorimetric strategy based on conjugated polyelectrolyte aggregates has been applied to determine and distinguish anionic, cationic and non-ionic surfactants.

Concentrations of cationic surfactants in aqueous solutions have been estimated on the basis of changes in the color of gold nanoparticles, used as reporter probes. We have shown that the colors of gold nanoparticles with anionic protective groups on their surfaces shift from red to indigo/purple and then back to red in a range of cationic surfactant solutions in which concentrations vary from ...

The objective of this study was to reexamine the general statement declaring that cationic and anionic species cannot be compatible in cosmetic products. This research demonstrated there are considerable differences between binding preservatives various compounds used cosmetics, depending on functional group. Sulfate- sulfonate-based molecules showed significantly stronger interactions with sur...

The adsorption of ion-association complexes on a carbon paste electrode (CPE) was investigated by cyclic voltammetry using an electroactive hydrophobic anion probe. The redox reactions of 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridyl)azo-5-[N-n-propyl-N-(3-sulfopropyl)amino]phenol (5-Br-PAPS), the analytical probe, were irreversible. The reduction of the azo group and the oxidation of the phenol were observed at -0.1 V...

High osmolarity and glucose deprivation cause rapid shutdowns of both actin polarization and translation initiation in yeast. Like these stresses, administration of local anesthetics and of antipsychotic phenothiazines caused similar responses. All these drugs have amphiphilic structures and formed emulsions and permeabilized the cell membrane, indicating that they have the same features as a s...

The functionalization of bentonite by intercalation of surfactants dodecylamine, hexadecylamine, octadecylamine, and the octadecyltrimethylammonium cation is described. Products are characterized by elemental analysis, thermal analysis, FT–IR spectra, and powder X-ray diffraction analysis. Laminar amine-clay nanocomposites contain about one mol amine per (Si,Al)4 clay unit, while the cationic s...