Life cycle definitions provide the background for conceptualizing meaningful questions to address mechanisms that generate different life patterns. This review provides explicit and explanations of steps in a cephalopod cycle, from fertilization death. Each large step, or phase, is characterized by particular developmental process morphology. phase composed smaller developmentally distinct step...

Aim Nautilus and Allonautilus, last members of the once widespread nautiloid cephalopods, are today restricted to deep central Indo-West Pacific Ocean, for reasons that remain unclear. Cephalopod evolution is generally considered as being driven by vertebrate predation; therefore, we investigated role whales seals in decline nautiloids through Cenozoic. Location Global. Taxon Nautiloids, pinnip...