Zinc (Zn) deficiency negatively impacts the development and health of plants and affects crop yield. When experiencing low Zn, plants undergo an adaptive response to maintain Zn homeostasis. We provide further evidence for the role of F-group transcription factors, AtbZIP19 and AtbZIP23, in responding to Zn deficiency in Arabidopsis and demonstrate the sensitivity and specificity of this respon...

Flavonoids normally accumulate in plants as O-glycosylated derivatives, but several species, including major cereal crops, predominantly synthesize flavone-C-glycosides, which are stable to hydrolysis and are biologically active both in planta and as dietary components. An enzyme (OsCGT) catalyzing the UDP-glucose-dependent C-glucosylation of 2-hydroxyflavanone precursors of flavonoids has been...

Sorghum is the fifth most important cereal crop in the world. It is largely grown on marginal soils with residual moisture where other major cereals cannot be grown due to inadequate water. Sorghum is a multipurpose crop and the species shows great diversity. For a large part of Asia and Africa, sorghum’s grain is used as food and its stalk as fodder and feed. In rest of the world, sorghum is c...

The narrowing of diversity in crop species contributing to the world's food supplies has been considered a potential threat to food security. However, changes in this diversity have not been quantified globally. We assess trends over the past 50 y in the richness, abundance, and composition of crop species in national food supplies worldwide. Over this period, national per capita food supplies ...

Ergot alkaloids are mycotoxins which can be found in food based on cereal-crops, due to a contamination of plants by fungi of the genus Claviceps. The ingestion of ergot contaminated cereal crops can lead to a severe poisoning known as ergotism. For food and feed safety purposes, the extraction of ergot alkaloids from ergot contaminated flour was investigated. For the specific recognition of er...

Grain produced from cereal crops is a primary source of human food and animal feed worldwide. To understand the genetic basis of seed-size variation, a grain yield component, we conducted a genome-wide scan to detect evidence of selection in the maize Krug Yellow Dent long-term divergent seed-size selection experiment. Previous studies have documented significant phenotypic divergence between t...

INTRODUCTION Several species of granivorous birds are responsible for damage to cereal crops in Senegal. Palearctic migrants, such as ruffs (Philomachus pugnax), godwits (Limosa limosa), and waterfowl damage newly sown rice seed or germinating plants. The main pests to ripening cereals are the red-billed quelea (Quelea quelea), black-headed weavers (Ploceus melanocephalus), village weavers (P. ...

Cereal crops are high N requirement as compare to other crops. They heavy feeder of all the essential nutrients such N, P, and K. exhaustive in nature. Due erratic use chemical fertilizers; soil fertility has been decreasing day by resulting low productivity. It is due many unavoidable reasons associated with crop production. The similar problems seen organic farming when inputs were applied. m...

Optimizing the productivity and efficiency of cereal–legume intercropping through exploiting differences in nitrogen (N) acquisition two crops is crucial Mediterranean areas. A two-year field study was conducted Central Italy to determine how N fertilization rate affected forage grain production as well a barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) bean (Vicia faba L. var minor) intercrop. Crops were grown mon...

Brachypodium distachyon has been proposed as a model plant for agriculturally important cereal crops such as wheat and barley. Seed coat colour change from brown-red to yellow was observed in a mutant line (142-3) of B. distachyon, which was induced by chronic gamma radiation. In addition, dwarf phenotypes were observed in each of the lines 142-3, 421-2, and 1376-1. To identify causal mutations...