In vivo imaging allows detailed studies of cerebral blood flow and brain metabolism in both normal and pathological states. Since the 1980s, several methods to measure tissue perfusion in the brain have been introduced. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques such as blood oxygen level dependent MRI (BOLD MRI) (Sorensen et al, 1995) and arterial spin labeling (Buxton and Frank 1997) as well...

More accurate methods for monitoring cerebral blood flow, oxygen, and glucose metabolism with results of their application in human volunteers are described. Subjects with various types of cerebral vascular disease showed decreased cerebral blood flow and oxygen and glucose metabolism but anaerobic glycolysis appeared to be increased. Inhalation of 100% oxygen decreased anaerobic glycolysis, an...

Autoregulation of cerebral blood flow (constant perfusion despite variations in blood pressure) was studied in 15 control subjects and in 24 patients with cerebral vascular lesions. Thirteen patients were studied within the first 2 days of an episode of cerebral ischemia ("acute" group); 11 were studied from 15 days to several months after an ischemic episode ("chronic" group). Measurements of ...

In a postasphyxia neonatal lamb model, the responses of the cerebral circulation to hypoxic hypoxia and changes in systemic arterial blood pressure were examined. Ventilated newborn lambs (n = 14) were subjected to a gradual asphyxial insult, resuscitated, and returned to control ventilator settings. During the time 2-5 hours after asphyxia, the responses of cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral ...

A pilot study explores relative contributions of extra-cerebral (scalp/skull) versus brain (cerebral) tissues to the blood flow index determined by diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS). Microvascular DCS flow measurements were made on the head during baseline and breath-holding/hyperventilation tasks, both with and without pressure. Baseline (resting) data enabled estimation of extra-cerebral...

We used positron emission tomography to examine retrospectively the effects of blood pressure on regional cerebral blood flow and oxygen metabolism in seven normotensive and eight hypertensive patients with a history of transient neurologic deficits. In the hypertensive patients, a decrease in regional cerebral blood flow was closely related to blood pressure; these changes were most pronounced...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cerebral blood flow during cardiopulmonary resuscitation is inadequate to meet cerebral metabolic demand. Adrenergic agonists improve cerebral blood flow, but clinical trials of increased doses in adults have not shown improved outcome from cardiac arrest. This may be due to adverse beta-agonist-mediated effects. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of an...

Cerebral blood flow and output of the left ventricle were simultaneously investigated in 17 infants using multichannel near infrared spectroscopy and pulse dye densitometry with indocyanine green. Cardiac output and cerebral blood flow were positively related. The control of cardiac output is important in the regulation of cerebral blood flow in infants.

We measured cerebral blood flow and somatosensory evoked potentials during transient focal cerebral ischemia in cats to compare the effects of four commonly used anesthetic regimens: ketamine/fentanyl/N2O (fentanyl), pentobarbital, ketamine/alpha-chloralose (alpha-chloralose), and ketamine/halothane/N2O (halothane). Six cats in each group were subjected to 60 minutes of left middle cerebral art...

We studied the effects of cholinergic receptor activation on cerebral blood flow in dogs anesthetized with chloralose. Continuous measurements of cerebral blood flow, arterial and cerebral spinal fluid pressure, heart rate, and respiratory carbon dioxide tension were made during parasympathetic nerve stimulation and during intraarterial infusion of acetylcholine. Multiple samples of arterial an...