Motivated by the classic exogenous demand model and the recently developed Markov chain model, we propose a new approximation to the general customer choice model based on random utility called multi-attempt model, in which a customer may consider several substitutes before finally deciding to not purchase anything. We show that the approximation error of multi-attempt model decreases exponenti...

BACKGROUND Among the most prominent molecular constituents of a recycling synaptic vesicle is the clathrin triskelion, composed of clathrin light chain (Clc) and clathrin heavy chain (Chc). Remarkably, it remains unknown whether clathrin is strictly necessary for the stimulus-dependent re-formation of a synaptic vesicle and, conversely, whether clathrin-independent vesicle endocytosis exists at...

gears speaker spring spring printed circuit board dial scale generator – at full speed produces a current of around 30mA at a voltage of 3V inner dog-tooth gear outer cage ratchet – winding handle turns inner dog-tooth gear. As spring unwinds, teeth engage turning the outer cage which turns the gears winding handle 28 Quick and dirty environmental analyses for garments: what do we need to know?...

Arabibarbus grypus (Heckel, 1843), which naturally lives in the Euphrates and Tigris River systems is endemic, an economically important fish species consumed by humans. Since population of this species, hunted both fishermen local peo-ple, decreasing day day, its genetic characteristics need to be determined. This study aims determine A. samples living Great Zab based on sequence analysis mtDN...

As oxygen concentrations in marine coastal habitats can fluctuate rapidly and drastically, sessile marine organisms such as the oyster Crassostrea gigas can experience marked and rapid oxygen variations. In this study, we investigated the responses of oyster gill mitochondria to short-term hypoxia (3 and 12 h, at 1.7 mg O2 l(-1)) and subsequent re-oxygenation. Mitochondrial respiratory rates (s...

Horner's syndrome occurred in a young woman as a complication of the treatment of a traumatic pneumothorax with an intercostal drain. The nerve damage probably occurred when the lung had fully re-expanded, pressing the tip of the intercostal drain, lying at the apex of the pleural cavity, on to the sympathetic chain.

S-Adenosylmethionine (SAM) synthase was engineered for biocatalytic production of SAM and long-chain analogues by rational re-design. Substitution of two conserved isoleucine residues extended the substrate spectrum of the enzyme to artificial S-alkylhomocysteines. The variants proved to be beneficial in preparative synthesis of SAM (and analogues) due to a much reduced product inhibition.

The incoherent quasi elastic cold neutron scattering data of the side chain dynamics of the backbone deuterated linear polymer polyacrylate of Benguigui et al. (J. Phys. II France 1 (1991) 451), have been successfully interpreted in the isotropic, smectic A and re-entrant nernatic