The design of a low-pass-frequency filter with the electronic change approximation characteristics resulting responses is presented. also offers reconnection-less reconfiguration order (1st-, 2nd-, 3rd- and 4th-order functions are available). Furthermore, control cut-off frequency output response. feature in investigated for Butterworth, Bessel, Elliptic, Chebyshev Inverse approximations. verif...

In many parts of the world forest disturbance regimes have intensified recently, and future climatic changes are expected to amplify this development further in the coming decades. These changes are increasingly challenging the main objectives of forest ecosystem management, which are to provide ecosystem services sustainably to society and maintain the biological diversity of forests. Yet a co...

In the deep submicron manufacturing (DSM) era, lithography/yield and noise are critical issues to be considered. Optical Proximity Correction (OPC) is becoming a key compensate technique for the light diffraction effect in lithography. Both OPC effect and the capacitive crosstalk on some wire segments can only be analyzed post routing in late design stage or post-silicon stepping design change....

Many species are shifting their distributions due to climate change and to increasing international trade that allows dispersal of individuals across the globe. In the case of agricultural pests, such range shifts may heavily impact agriculture. Species distribution modelling may help to predict potential changes in pest distributions. However, these modelling strategies are subject to large un...

1. The ongoing changes to climate challenge the conservation of forest biodiversity. Yet, in thermally limited systems, such as temperate forests, not all species groups might be affected negatively. Furthermore, simultaneous changes in the disturbance regime have the potential to mitigate climate-related impacts on forest species. Here, we (i) investigated the potential long-term effect of cli...

Modern cordless telephones offer an ECO mode. When this is activated the base station, when idle, does not emit or emits only to a much lesser extent. In addition, the range of the base station (and thus the radiation strength) can be reduced in some models. During the conversation the emission of the handset (and sometimes the base station) is dynamically reduced, depending on the quality of t...