Transient simulations of refrigeration cycles are crucial for evaluating new refrigerants. Previously developed transient simulation tool was capable of simulating refrigeration systems using refrigerants R22 and R134a and was validated with experimental data; however, incorporating non-traditional refrigerants such as R744 (carbon dioxide) change the cycle operation beyond the capabilities of ...

The concept of organizational capability has been developed basically in the field of strategic management. Organizational capabilities are identified as one major source for the generation and development of sustainable competitive advantage). Recently the issue of changeability and flexibility of organizational capabilities is coming to the fore. Referring to the observation that markets and ...

Although one of the main promises of aspect-oriented (AO) programming techniques is to promote better software changeability than objectoriented (OO) techniques, there is no empirical evidence on their efficacy to prolong design stability in realistic development scenarios. For instance, no investigation has been performed on the effectiveness of AO decompositions to sustain overall system modu...

There are numerous mechanisms for modularizing design by contract at the source code level. Three mechanisms have been the main focus of attention, metadata annotations, pointcuts and advice. The latter two are well-known aspect-oriented programming mechanisms, and according to the literature, fare better in achieving contract modularization. However, previous efforts aimed at supporting contra...

The biological ontology applied to all organisms is useful to exchange genome informatics and to compare them. On one hand, biological domain ontology for specific organism is necessary to provide controlled common vocabulary for researchers interested in the field. In the biological domain ontology, gene, gene product, and biological process should be reasonably connected for covering knowledg...

In order to address the issue of complexity and changeability of business processes, as well as of the information technology used to implement these processes, business process models are used. Validating the functional correctness of such models is essential. Many approaches exist, that deal with validating the functional correctness of business process models in an intra-organizational conte...

The article illustrates the numerous contexts and multifaceted nature of LGBTQ+ persons’ rights to citizenship, have a correct civil status record, or benefit from tax reductions exemptions on same terms as other citizens, e.g., those in heterosexual unions. It shows how complicated it has become adjudicate matters that, view subject-matter regulation, should be relatively clear predictable. Re...

according to philosophers, the soul is an immaterial essence that can be perfected by knowledge and action. but how does the soul perfect through knowledge and action? what is the way of perfection? furthermore, is such perfection stopped by death or does its life continue after death? in this paper, i will explain avicenna’s answers to these questions. also, i will examine the problem of the p...

The need for mastering the complexity of software systems and the hereby related demands for maintenance and changeability is partly fulfilled by the principles and benefits of objectorientation. The basic idea behind object-orientation is to reflect the real world into the physical software model one is trying to develop. Although these ideas were introduced a long time ago in the educational ...