Spectrum is a limited and precious resource in wireless communications. Effective spectrum utilization becomes more and more important because of the expeditious increase of demand for wireless communications. In principle, the dual-polarization frequency reuse system, which employs two orthogonally polarized electromagnetic waves to carry information, can double the system capacity. However, t...

The concept of p-channel InGaN/GaN heterostructure field effect transistor (FET) using a two-dimensional hole gas (2DHG) induced by polarization effect is demonstrated. The existence of 2DHG near the lower interface of InGaN/GaN heterostructure is verified by theoretical simulation and capacitance-voltage profiling. The metal-oxide-semiconductor FET (MOSFET) with Al2O3 gate dielectric shows a d...

The performance and capacity of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless channels are limited by the spatial fading correlation between antenna elements. This limitation is due to the use of mono polarized antennas at receiver and transmitter sides. In this paper, in order to reduce the antenna correlation, the polarization diversity technique is employed. Although the spatial antenna cor...

The spiral-wound element is an industry standard because of its high membrane area packing density, low cost of manufacture, and extensive installation base worldwide. Plastic mesh spacers create a feed-channel between facing membrane leafs and promote turbulent flow, which aids to reduce solute concentration polarization and related scaling and fouling phenomena. Computational and experimental...

The statistical characteristics of the angular power distribution of the wireless channel in mine tunnels are the concern of this paper. Firstly, we develop a ray-based channel model which provides the angular power spectrum (APS) in tunnels. We discuss the allowed rays existing in a tunnel based on the modal theory. The number of the allowed rays is limited. The directions of the rays are disc...

We report on measurements and characterization of polarization properties of Second Harmonic (SH) signals using a four-channel photon counting based Stokes polarimeter. In this way, the critical polarization parameters can be obtained concurrently without the need of repeated image acquisition. The critical polarization parameters, including the degree of polarization (DOP), the degree of linea...

The pixel percentage belonging to the user defined area that are assigned to cluster in a confusion matrix for RADARSAT-2 over Vancouver area has been analysed for classification. In this study, supervised Wishart and Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifiers over RADARSAT-2 (RS2) fine quadpol mode Single Look Complex (SLC) product data is computed and compared. In comparison with conventional s...

This paper presents measured data at 2.45 GHz from a narrowband multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel probe in an indoor office/laboratory environment. The measured transfer matrices are used in a study of the statistical behavior of the channel capacity. The effect of antenna element polarization and array size are highlighted. The data is also used to validate a simple statistically b...

This paper presents an application of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) in Space Alternating Generalized Expectation Maximization (SAGE) algorithm. SAGE algorithm is a powerful tool for estimating channel parameters like delay, angles (azimuth and elevation) of arrival and departure, Doppler frequency and polarization. To demonstrate the improvement in processing time by utilizing PSO in SAGE a...

We present experimental and numerical investigations of Kerr nonlinearity compensation in a 400-km standard single-mode fiber link with distributed Raman amplification with backward pumping. A dual-pump polarization-independent fiber-based optical parametric amplifier is used for mid-link spectral inversion of 5 × 28-GBd polarization-multiplexed 16-QAM signals. Signal quality factor (Q-factor) ...