Employing a highly efficient total synthesis approach, we synthesized and evaluated for antibacterial activity diverse and novel pentacycline analogs with systematic variations at C7, C8, C9, and C10. Certain substitution groups, as well as substitution patterns at various positions, were found to be preferred for increased antibacterial activity. A number of pentacycline analogs displayed pote...

A positive symmetry test result was obtained with a capuchin monkey that had previously exhibited virtually errorless AB and BA arbitrary matching-to-sample (MTS) with different stimuli. The symmetry test (BA) followed the acquisition of a new AB relation. It seemed possible, however, that the positive result could have occurred through the exclusion of previously defined comparison stimuli and...

The prototype virus of the type D retroviruses is the Mason-Pfizer monkey virus (MPMV). MPMV was originally isolated from a breast carcinoma of a female rhesus monkey (an Old World monkey). MPMV is of obvious importance in that it is the only retrovirus thus far isolated from a mammary tumor of a primate and has been shown to have transforming potential for primate cells in vitro. Subsequent to...

Specific complement-fixing antibodies are produced in the serum of rabbits in response to injections of living or dead Plasmodium knowlesi. Sera from rabbits receiving injections of either parasitized or normal monkey erythrocytes are parasiticidal in vitro for P. knowlesi. Because absorption of parasiticidal rabbit sera with normal monkey erythrocytes abolishes the parasiticidal effect, it is ...

Celiac disease screening test with anti-endomysial antibodies detection is limited by the use of endangered species tissue (monkey distal oesophagus) as well as by the high costs of commercial kits. Due to such limitations new tests are developed to avoid the use of monkey tissue: an IFA test utilising umbilical cord sections (a discarded tissue) and an ELISA test detecting anti-transglutaminas...

Monkey vocal tracts are capable of producing monkey speech, not the full range of articulate human speech. The evolution of human speech entailed both anatomy and brains. Fitch, de Boer, Mathur, and Ghazanfar in Science Advances claim that "monkey vocal tracts are speech-ready," and conclude that "…the evolution of human speech capabilities required neural change rather than modifications of vo...

A field of primate linguistics is gradually emerging. It combines general questions and tools from theoretical linguistics with rich data gathered in experimental primatology. Analyses of several monkey systems have uncovered very simple morphological and syntactic rules and have led to the development of a primate semantics that asks new questions about the division of semantic labor between t...

There is still some confusion about the ability of monkey and human gonadotrophins to cross react in immunological systems. McGarry & Beck (1963), using a haemagglutination inhibition technique, found a cross reaction between antisera to human fsh and monkey fsh. They also found a similar cross reaction with lh. Neill, Peckham & Knobil (1967), Bagshawe, Orr & Godden (1968) and Faiman, Ryan, Gre...

Algorithms inspired by intelligent behavior of simple agents are very popular now a day among researchers. A comparatively young algorithm motivated by extraordinary behavior of Spider Monkeys is Spider Monkey Optimization (SMO) algorithm. SMO algorithm is very successful algorithm to get to the bottom of optimization problems. This work presents a self-adaptive Spider Monkey optimization (SaSM...

The ultrastructure and morphogenesis of Mason-Pfizer monkey virus, isolated from a mammary carcinoma in a Rhesus monkey, was compared with those of murine mammary tumor virus, murine leukemia virus, L1210 leukemia-associated virus, and avian myeloblastosis virus. The simian virus resembled murine mammary tumor virus and the L1210 virus in that it produced intracytoplasmic particles that were en...