Two-interconnected fluidized bed systems are widely used in various processes such as Fisher-Tropsch, hot gas desulfurization, CO2 capture-regeneration with dry sorbent, chemical-looping combustion, sorption enhanced steam methane reforming, chemical-looping hydrogen generation system, and so on. However, most of two-interconnected fluidized beds systems require riser and/or pneumatic transport...

A recently developed distributed feedback quantum cascade laser (QCL) capable of thermoelectric-cooled (TEC) continuous-wave (cw) operation and emitting at ∼ 9 μm is used to perform laser chemical sensing by tunable infrared spectroscopy. A quasi-continuous-wave mode of operation relying on long current pulses (∼ 5 Hz, ∼ 50% duty cycle) is utilized rather than pure cw operation in order to exte...

A methodology for the optimal design and operation of microfabricated fuel cell systems is proposed and algorithms for relevant optimization problems are developed. The methodology relies on modeling, simulation and optimization at three levels of modeling detail. The first class of optimization problems considered are parametric mixed-integer linear programs and the second class are bilevel pr...

Plasma environments constitute powerful tools in materials science due to their operation as thermal and chemical reactors. A microwave, atmospheric argon plasma driven by surface waves has been used for synthesizing carbon nanostructures by passing vaporized ethanol through the plasma. Graphene sheets and carbon nanoparticles have been selectively synthesized through the control of the outlet ...

We report the characteristics of a flux locked, superfluid 4He interferometer that can continuously measure time-varying rotation rates. We describe the principles underlying the interferometer, including the dynamics of a superfluid chemical potential battery used to obtain continuous operation. We also discuss noise and drift issues and their possible amelioration.

A free bis-cinchona alkaloid derivative ligand was prepared by a simple synthetic manipulation. With ligand/olefin mole ratio of 1%, the asymmetric dihydroxylation reactions of six olefins proceeded smoothly to give the chiral vicinal diols in high chemical yields and optical yields. The ligand itself could be recovered quantitatively by a simple operation and reused five times without loss of ...

Modelling of a Sequencing Batch Reactor for Producing Polyhydroxybutyrate with Mixed Microbial Culture Cultivation Process Using Neural Networks and Operation Regime Classification Amin Ganjian*, Jie Zhang, João M.L. Dias, Rui Oliveira a School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK b Department of Chemistry, CQFB/REQUIMTE, FCT/Uni...

Reliable inactivation of specimens before removal from high-level biocontainment is crucial for safe operation. To evaluate efficacy of methods of chemical inactivation, we compared in vitro and in vivo approaches using Ebola virus as a surrogate pathogen. Consequently, we have established parameters and protocols leading to reliable and effective inactivation.

This paper describes the development of a Grade Transition optimizer PathFinder that enables a high performance demand driven operation in the chemical process industry. The technology makes use of a dynamical rigorous model based optimization of an economic criterion along a grade change trajectory. An application on a large grade slate for a polyethylene gasphase reactor is discussed. Copyri...

Analytical aspects of chemically modified electrodes (CMEs) are critically reviewed. Effects of analyte and/or reagent accumulation, chemical transformation, electrocatalysis, permeability, ionic equilibria, controlled release, and change of mass, as well as combinations of these effects are evaluated and classified. Also, relevant definitions are provided and recommendations formulated for the...