We developed a fiber-optic, microsphere-based, high-density array composed of 18 species-specific probe microsensors to identify biological warfare agents. We simultaneously identified multiple biological warfare agents in environmental samples by looking at specific probe responses after hybridization and response patterns of the multiplexed array.

The relative accessibility to various chemical agents, including chemical warfare agents and toxic industrial compounds, places a toxicological mass casualty event, including chemical terrorism, among the major threats to homeland security. TMCE represents a medical and logistic challenge with potential hazardous exposure of first-response teams. In addition, TMCE poses substantial psychologica...

Chemical warfare agents (CWAs) are one of the most toxic compounds. Degradation CWAs using decontamination is few ways to protect human health against harmful effects CWAs. A ferrate (VI)-based potential chemical agent decontaminant was studied for degradation persistent nitrogen mustard (tris(2-chloroethyl)amine, HN3). By optimizing reaction conditions, complete HN3 achieved in 4 min. The prod...

A class of heterogeneous catalysts based on commercial bentonite from natural origin, containing at least 80 wt% of montmorillonite clay, was designed to transform selectively and under mild conditions toxic organosulfur and organophosphorus chemical warfare agents into non-noxious products with a reduced impact on health and environment. The bentonite from the natural origin was modified by in...

Self-decontaminating materials are defined as substances or objects designed and fabricated to deactivate pathogenic microorganisms or chemical warfare agents. Self-decontamination makes it possible for continuous protection against toxic materials. In order to develop destructive barriers against biological and chemical air pollutants, protective clothing and membranes using catalytic or enzym...