Coastal aquatic ecosystems are increasingly affected by diffuse source nutrient water pollution from agricultural activities in coastal catchments, even though these ecosystems are important from a social, environmental and economic perspective. To warrant sustainable economic development of coastal regions, we need to balance marginal costs from coastal catchment water pollution abatement and ...

The magnitude and ecological relevance of metal pollution from the upstream of water sources after emergency pollution events was investigated by applying a set of complementary sediment quality assessment methods: (1) geochemical assessment based on background value (the geoaccumulation index); (2) comparisons with sediment quality guidelines (SQGs); (3) an evaluation of the combined pollution...

Macroinvertebrates identification and enumeration may be used as a simple and affordable alternative to chemical analysis in water pollution monitoring. However, the ecological responses of various taxa to pollution are poorly known in resources-limited tropical countries. While freshwater macroinvertebrates have been used in the assessment of water quality in Europe and the Americas, investiga...

Aquatic environmental deterioration is becoming a serious problem due to rapid urbanization and economic development, particularly in developing countries. As two important components of the aquatic environment, water quality and sediment pollution are widely considered to be concerns; however, they are considered separately in most cases. The relationship between water quality and sediment pol...

salinity tolerance is one of the most important affecting factors on agricultural production in arid and semi-arid areas. in order to study the effects of saline and fresh water irrigation with application of organic and npk fertilizers on cumin, a split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design was carried out with three replications during 2011 and 2012, at the research farm o...

Introduction Pollution can be defined in several ways. Water pollution occurs when energy and other materials are released into water. It includes all of the waste materials that cannot be naturally broken down by water. In other words, anything that is added to the water, above and beyond its capacity to break it down, is pollution. In certain circumstances pollution can be caused by nature it...

Environmental risk factors, especially air and water pollution, are a major source of morbidity and mortality in China. Biomass fuel and coal are burned for cooking and heating in almost all rural and many urban households, resulting in severe indoor air pollution that contributes greatly to the burden of disease. Many communities lack access to safe drinking water and sanitation, and thus the ...

As a clean energy source and industrial material, hydrogen is very valuable. Electrolysis of water and chemical methods are well-known for producing hydrogen, however, all of these methods need additional energy supply. Besides highly energy cost, the chemical methods will lead to serious environment pollution. Compared with traditional methods, biological production of hydrogen has showed sign...

Pollution is an undesirable change in the physical, chemical or biological characteristics of air, land and water that will waste or deteriorate our raw material resources. Modern technological innovations have increased pollution levels above the self cleaning capacities of the environment. In recent times, one of the major issues is the threat to human life from the progressive deterioration ...