The administration of cyclophosphamide and Corynebacterium parvum in combination results in tumor growth inhibition greater than that resulting from the use of either agent alone. The precise mechanism(s) by which this chemoimmunotherapy combination results in a synergistic inhibiting effect is not known. The possibility was entertained that the tumor effect might be related to a greater decrea...

Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus (PMME) is a rare malignancy and the prognosis is typically poor. There is currently a lack of appropriate treatment strategies and clear guidance. The current study presents the case of a 65-year-old female with a two-month history of progressive dysphagia, the investigations of which resulted in a diagnosis of PMME. The patient was treated with a rad...

1Department of Translational Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; 2Department of Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; 3Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; 4Department I of Internal Medicine, Center of Integrated Oncology Köln Bonn...