BACKGROUND While it is well established that very preterm birth (gestational age at birth <32 weeks) is related to increased attention problems, there is still considerable uncertainty of the effects of moderate or late preterm birth or smallness for gestational age (SGA) on attention regulation. AIMS To investigate the impact of gestational age at birth and SGA, birth on child attention prob...

Factors leading to racial and ethnic differences in non-marital fertility, which account for nearly 41% of all births the U.S., are not well understood. This study examines how mother–child relationships parental control shape likelihood having a birth adulthood among non-Hispanic White, Black, Hispanic, Asian women from 1994–2009. paper uses data Waves I, III, IV Add Health (n = 7171) event-hi...

background: adolescent pregnancy and childbirth are associated with increased risk and challenges for both mothers and birth outcomes. objective: to investigate the associations of growth change over time with parenting factors and to compare the differences between children born to adolescent and adult mothers in taiwan. materials and methods: the dataset retrieved from taiwan birth cohort stu...

BACKGROUND Recent steep declines in child mortality have been attributed in part to increased use of contraceptives and the resulting change in fertility behaviour, including an increase in the time between births. Previous observational studies have documented strong associations between short birth spacing and an increase in the risk of neonatal, infant, and under-five mortality, compared to ...

BACKGROUND The cause-specific under-five mortality of Bangladesh has been studied by fitting cumulative incidence function (CIF) based Fine and Gray competing risk regression model (1999). For the purpose of analysis, Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS), 2011 data set was used. METHODS Three types of mode of mortality for the under-five children are considered. These are disease, ...

Child stunting in India exceeds that in poorer regions like sub-Saharan Africa. Data on over 168,000 children show that, relative to Africa, India's height disadvantage increases sharply with birth order. We posit that India’s steep birth order gradient is due to favoritism toward eldest sons, which affects parents' fertility decisions and resource allocation across children. We show that, with...

BACKGROUND Poorly spaced pregnancies have been documented worldwide to result in adverse maternal and child health outcomes. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a minimum inter-birth interval of 33 months between two consecutive live births in order to reduce the risk of adverse maternal and child health outcomes. However, birth spacing practices in many developing countries, includi...

South African law recognises a financial claim against a health provider for negligently failing to advise an expectant mother that she might give birth to a child suffering from a severe health condition or congenital disability. In December 2014, the Constitutional Court handed down a judgment that could lead to financial claims by the child, who was subsequently born with a severe health con...

Early intervention efforts to promote healthy child development have long been a central feature of social service and public health reforms. Today, prenatal care, well-baby visits, and assessments to detect possible developmental delays are commonplace in most communities. The concept that learning begins at birth, not when a child enrolls in kindergarten, has permeated efforts to improve scho...