Background: In the patients with acute exacerbated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD), gut displays ischemia, anoxia and oxidative stress, which lead to intestinal barrier failure. Therefore, it is desirable screen for effective barrier-related biomarkers monitor severity.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is characterized by irreversible airflow limitation in the lungs. COPD frequently coexist with Heart Failure (HF) but most patients go undiagnosed because of similarity symptoms. Data on prevalence HF are discrepant and scarce.

Introduction: More than 90% of the deaths caused by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) occur in the low- and middle -income countries. The main aim of this study was to investigate the lipid profile levels in COPD patients and examine the correlation of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoproteins, high density lipoproteins, and LDL/HDL risk ratio with COPD stages that a...

Tiotropium represents a new generation of inhaled therapy. No other inhaled product has demonstrated effectiveness with once-daily dosing. Treatment has been associated with improved lung function, decrease in the number of exacerbations, increase in the time to first exacerbation, and improved quality of life. Adverse effects appear to be mild in nature, and the only significant adverse effect...

An irreversible change of the pulmonary perfusion was observed in a series of 100 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients studied with a pulmonary artery perfusion scan (PAPS). This perfusion involvement was greater in patients in whom the major respiratory component was pulmonary emphysema as opposed to either chronic bronchitis or bronchial asthma. A statistically significant correlati...

INTRODUCTION Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is estimated to become the fifth leading cause of death worldwide by 2020. The mortality and morbidity from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is getting higher and higher as a result of the epidemics in tobacco consumption all over the world, especially in developing countries. The study objectives were to determine the correlation between ...

BACKGROUND A synchronism exists between the respiratory and cardiac cycles. However, the influence of the inspiratory muscle weakness in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on cardiac autonomic control is unknown. The purpose of the present investigation was to evaluate the influence of respiratory muscle strength on autonomic control in these patients. METHODS Ten chronic obstructiv...

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterised by destruction of extracellular matrix (ECM) in parenchymal areas, whereas the bronchial walls can show fibrosis. In addition, an extensive inflammatory process is observed. CD8+ T-cells, located throughout the lung, and epithelial cells in centrally located airways, produce cytokines involved in the inflammatory process. These cytok...

RATIONALE Low-attenuation areas assessed by computed tomography reflect the extent of pathological emphysema and correlate with airflow limitation and mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The cumulative size distribution of low-attenuation area clusters follows a power law characterized by an exponent, D. The values of D reflect the complexity of the terminal airspa...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the presence and severity of symptoms of anxiety and depression in individuals with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. METHODS In order to evaluate symptoms of anxiety and depression, specific instruments of quantification (the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Beck Depression Inventory, respectively) were administered to patients at an outpatient clini...