During antidiuresis, sodium is concentrated in the papilla and medulla of mammalian kidneys as a result of active sodium reabsorption from medullary tubules and countercurrent flow through the loops of Henle and the medullary capillaries. It is clear from chemical (1) and cryoscopic (2, 3) analysis of sections of kidney, and from direct micropuncture (4-6), that under these circumstances the os...

In this paper, the effect of flow rate on relative permeability curves was investigated in Iranian carbonate rocks. Core samples were prepared from outcrop of Asmari formation. The dynamic displacement experiments were performed at 2.55, 3.55, 4.55 and 5.55 cc/hr during waterflooding and oilflooding. Relative permeabilities have been calculated with the Jones and Roszelle method and then the fl...

BACKGROUND Parathyroid water-clear cell hyperplasia (WCCH) and water-clear cell adenoma (WCCA) are rare causes of primary hyperparathyroidism. The frequency of WCCH seems to be less than 1% of all primary hyperplasia. CASE PRESENTATION We report a 53-year-old woman with a large unilateral water clear cell parathyroid hyperplasia associated with primary hyperparathyroidism and severe osteoporo...

-The effects of woody debris on anadromous salmonid habitat in eight streams on Prince of Wales Island, southeast Alaska, were investigated by comparing low-gradient (1-9%) firstor second-order streams flowing through either spruce-hemlock forests or 6-10-year-old clearcuts, and by observing changes after debris was selectively removed from clear-cut reaches. Woody debris decreased the rate of ...

This paper presents a case study in simulating leachate generation and transport at a 2000 ton/day landfill facility and assesses leachate migration away from the landfill in order to control associated environmental impacts, particularly on groundwater wells down gradient of the site. The site offers unique characteristics in that it is a former quarry converted to a landfill and is planned to...

abstract the goal of this research is simulating an optimum reactor to eliminate greenhouse gases, mainly co2, through combined cycle in stacks of power plant, using a strong base (sodium hydroxide) thinned by water. during this process sodium bicarbonate salt is generated together with water and the produced salty water is desalinated and its useful salts are also extracted. four scenarios hav...

In this paper, overall heat transfer coefficient and friction factor of water based γ-Al2O3 nanofluid in a double tube counter flow heat exchanger have been measured experimentally under turbulent flow condition. For better dispersion of γ-Al2O3 nanoparticles in distilled water, magnetic stirrer and ultrasonic vibrator (with a power of 240 kW and frequency of 35 kHz) were implemented. The stabi...

to control the nonlinear numerical instability, throughout the time evolution of the eulerian form of the nonlinear rotating shallow water equations, it is necessary to add numerical diffusion to the solution. it is clear that, this extra numerical diffusion degrades the accuracy of the numerical solution and should be kept as small as possible. in a conventional approach a hyper-diffusion is u...

n this issue of the Journal, a clinical investigation by Ozaki et al focuses on the flushing solution used for image acquisition with frequency-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT).1 The authors present the cross-sectional area measurement as a quantitative evaluation using low-molecular dextran L (LMD-L) approximate to that of contrast media, and the non-inferiority of LMD-L to contras...