Recent studies have revealed that hydrogen embrittlement in Al–Zn–Mg alloys appears to be dominated by partitioning MgZn2 precipitates. A method has recently been proposed for reducing the concentration at precipitates adding specific intermetallic compound particles high trap energy. In present study, effectiveness of Al7Cu2Fe on suppression Al–Zn–Mg–Cu was evaluated using X-ray microtomograph...

We report a novel example of electro-mediated photoredox catalysis (e-PRC) in the reductive cleavage C(sp3)?O bonds phosphinated alcohols to alkyl carbanions. As well as deoxygenations, olefinations are reported which E-selective and can be made Z-selective tandem reduction/photosensitization process where both steps photoelectrochemically promoted. Spectroscopy, computation, catalyst structura...

Developing mild and efficient catalytic methods for the selective synthesis of amines is a longstanding research objective. In this respect, deoxygenative amide reduction has proven to be promising but challenging, as approach necessitates C–O bond cleavage. Herein, we report hydroboration primary, secondary, tertiary amides at room temperature catalyzed by an earth-abundant-metal catalyst, Zr-...

Abstract Study question Direct cleavage (DC) and Rapid (RaC) both appear to be 1 cell divided into 3 (or more) cells, should they distinguished? Summary answer Since blastomeres by RaC had higher developmental potential than DC, since many embryos “normal” blastomere, the two distinguished. What is known already in which one divides three cells without two-cell stage, RaC, or divide rapidly aft...

To complete the cell cycle, the cleavage furrow draws the plasma membrane toward the cell center, pinching the cytoplasm into two lobes that are subsequently separated into two cells. The position of the cleavage furrow is induced by the mitotic spindle during early anaphase. Although the mechanism of cleavage furrow positioning is not understood at a molecular level, recent results suggest tha...

Polyadenylation is the second step in 3' end formation of most eukaryotic mRNAs. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, this step requires three trans-acting factors: poly(A) polymerase (Pap1p), cleavage factor I (CF I) and polyadenylation factor I (PF I). Here, we describe the purification and subunit composition of a multiprotein complex containing Pap1p and PF I activities. PF I-Pap1p was purified to ...