نتایج جستجو برای: clonal
تعداد نتایج: 24991 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Cancers frequently arise as a result of an acquired genomic instability and the subsequent clonal evolution of neoplastic cells with variable patterns of genetic aberrations. Thus, the presence and behaviors of distinct clonal populations in each patient's tumor may underlie multiple clinical phenotypes in cancers. We applied DNA content-based flow sorting to identify and isolate the nuclei of ...
ABSTRACT The genetic structure of populations of Phytophthora cinnamomi, a pathogen of an enormous variety of woody plants, was investigated using microsatellites. Three intensively sampled disease sites in southwest Australia were analyzed along with a large culture collection of Austra-lian isolates and some isolates from elsewhere in the world. The mutation in the four microsatellite loci an...
As tumors grow, they acquire mutations, some of which create neoantigens that influence the response of patients to immune checkpoint inhibitors. We explored the impact of neoantigen intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) on antitumor immunity. Through integrated analysis of ITH and neoantigen burden, we demonstrate a relationship between clonal neoantigen burden and overall survival in primary lung ad...
Heritability of acquired phenotypic traits is an adaptive evolutionary process that appears more complex than the basic allele selection guided by environmental pressure. In insects, the trans-generational transmission of epigenetic marks in clonal and/or sexual species is poorly documented. Aphids were used as a model to explore this feature because their asexual phase generates a stochastic a...
The heart arises from distinct sources of cardiac progenitors that independently express Mesp1 during gastrulation. The precise number of Mesp1 progenitors that are specified during the early stage of gastrulation, and their clonal behavior during heart morphogenesis, is currently unknown. Here, we used clonal and mosaic tracing of Mesp1-expressing cells combined with quantitative biophysical a...
Clonal haematopoiesis is thought to be a rare condition that increases in frequency with age and predisposes individuals to haematological malignancy. Recent studies, utilizing next-generation sequencing (NGS), observed haematopoietic clones in 10% of 70-year olds and rarely in younger individuals. However, these studies could only detect common haematopoietic clones->0.02 variant allele fracti...
The regulation of T cell-dendritic cell (DC) contacts during clonal expansion is poorly defined. Although optimal CD4 T cell responses require prolonged exposure to antigen (Ag), it is believed that stable T cell-DC interactions occur only during the first day of the activation process. Here we show that recently activated CD4 T cells are in fact fully competent for establishing contact with Ag...
The exposure of developing thymocytes to high-affinity self-Ag results in T cell tolerance. A predominant mechanism for this is clonal deletion; though receptor editing, anergy induction, and positive selection of regulatory T cells have also been described. It is unclear what signals are involved in determining different tolerance mechanisms. In particular, OT-I mice displayed receptor editing...
Depletion of CD4+ cells using anti-CD4 monoclonal antibodies leads to allograft tolerance. Here we show that anti-CD4-mediated tolerance to pancreatic islets of Langerhans transplanted from an A/J (IEk) donor to a diabetic C57B1/6 (B6) (IE-) recipient occurs in the absence of clonal deletion of the potentially IE-reactive V beta 11+ T cells. Instead, a state of clonal anergy is induced in both ...
About 3 decades ago CD6 identified as one of the first antigens expresses on the majority of T cells and a subset of B cells. CD6 regulates cellular adhesion migration across the endothelial and epithelial cells. In recent years researches indicate its role in pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Many researches have been done in recent years to block CD6 by CD6 mono clonal antibodies, IOR-T1 a...
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