In this paper we present a general framework for closed-loop subspace system identi cation. This framework consists of two new projection theorems which allow the extraction of nonsteady state Kalman lter states and of system related matrices directly from closed-loop input output data. Three algorithms for the identi cation of the state space matrices are then presented. The similarities betwe...

In this paper, it investigate the bit error rate (BER) performance of transmit beamforming using singular value decomposition (SVD) for closed loop multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless systems with various modulation techniques such as binary phase shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK)‎ and 16quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) along with convolution encoder a...

We make a distinction between the spectroscopic and the mesoscopic conductance of closed systems. We show that the latter is not simply related to the Landauer conductance of the corresponding open system. A new ingredient in the theory is related to the non-universal structure of the perturbation matrix which is generic for quantum chaotic systems. These structures may created bottlenecks that...

Human recognition and movement analysis are important tasks in various applications especially in video surveillance. This paper proposes a multi agent architecture for sensor based automated scene surveillance using Microsoft Kinecet camera. It aims to record videos about each person that appears in the scene and to generate sonorous alarms when an abnormal situation is deduced. This decision ...

A composite model was developed for water and mineral relations of greenhouse tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivated in semi-closed or open soilless (rockwool) culture. The model simulated on a daily basis: (i) the evolution of crop leaf area index and water uptake using empirical equations; and (ii) the variations of ion concentrations and electrical conductivity (EC) in the recirculating...

As a suitable candidate for the next halon alternative gaseous fire-extinguishing agent, it is very meaningful to investigate how to improve the fire-extinguishing capacity of hot aerosol fire extinguishing agents for local fires. When fire breaks out, the actual fire location is unpredictable, and the extinguishing efficiency of hot aerosol extinguishing agent will be observably affected by th...

We first present open questions related to the foundations of thermodynamics and statistical physics. We then argue that in principle one can not have “closed systems”, and that a universal background should exist. We propose that the gravitational field plays this role, due to its vanishing energy-momentum tensor. This leads to a new possible picture, in which entropy and irreversibility in ma...

......................................................................................................................... 2 Trust: Economic Notions and its role in Money and Banking – An Introduction ....... 11 Realism .................................................................................................................... 12 Open Systems and Closed systems .............................

In this paper the reflection and transmission of waves by a threedimensional random medium is studied in a high-frequency, whitenoise, and paraxial regime. The limit system derives from the acoustic wave equations and is described by a coupled system of random Schrödinger equations driven by a Brownian field whose covariance is determined by the two-point statistics of the fluctuations of the r...

This article examines the notion of symbiosis as it was originally presented (Schiff & Schiff, 1971). It is suggested that there has been a largely unstated assumption as to what symbiosis actually is: that is, it has referred to the notion of attachment. Recognizing this assumption allows for a more accurate definition of symbiosis. In addition, it brings into question the notion of stimulus h...