BACKGROUND Cluttering is a fluency disorder characterised by overly rapid or jerky speech patterns that compromise intelligibility. The neural correlates of cluttering are unknown but theoretical accounts implicate the basal ganglia and medial prefrontal cortex. Dysfunction in these brain areas would be consistent with difficulties in selection and control of speech motor programs that are char...

One of the principal limitations employing a ground-penetrating radar (GPR) for landmine detection is presence clutter, i.e., reflections from surrounding environment, which might interfere with echoes. Clutter presents similar scattering characteristics as typical targets and may significantly raise threshold system. The capability to characterize internal structure buried target provide key u...

Generalized Order Statistic Cell Averaging (GOSCA), Generalized Order Statistic Greatest Of (GOSGO), and Generalized Order Statistic Smallest Of (GOSSO) CFAR detectors are proposed. Each of them has its own advantages according to radar environment situations so that most effective radar detector can be chosen at any unpredictive situation. Their performance formulas in terms of false alarm pro...

Detection of weak target echo in the presence of strong clutter is the main objective of any RADAR. To evaluate the performance of RADAR it is required to generate the clutter of various types including land and sea. This clutter is of non Gaussian distribution such as lognormal, Weibull and k-type. In this project it is proposed to develop a clutter generation algorithm of given distribution t...

Non-coherent detection of Gaussian targets (Swerling II targets) in the K-distributed clutter environment is investigated. The optimal detector is derived based on the Neyman-Pearson principle. It is shown to be the well-known square-law detector. Amplitude detector, log detector, and the like are not optimal, and result in some detection loss. Temporally correlated clutter provides a target ga...

Automotive radars for potential accident reduction and for autonomous cruse control were available in 1999, and 77 GHz long-range radars and 24 GHz short-range radars are developing [1]. 79-GHz shortrange automotive radars have a bandwidth of 4 GHz, a maximum range of 30 m, and a range resolution of 5 cm. Radar reception signals often contain unwanted echoes, called “radar clutter.” Moving targ...

A binary clutter is the family of odd circuits of a binary matroid, that is, the family of circuits that intersect with odd cardinality a fixed given subset of elements. Let A denote the 0;1 matrix whose rows are the characteristic vectors of the odd circuits. A binary clutter is ideal if the polyhedron fx 0 : Ax 1g is integral. Examples of ideal binary clutters are st-paths, st-cuts, T -joins ...

The detection performance of skywave HF over-the-horizon radars is fundamentally limited by ionospheric motion which causes spreading of surface clutter returns in Doppler space. This paper exploits a model for HF propagation through ionospheric irregularities based on a thin phase screen formulation which is used to derive the Doppler spread and the spatio-temporal dependence in the received f...

The main problem faced by naval radars is the elimination of the clutter input which is a distortion signal appearing mixed with target reflections. Recently, the Pareto distribution has been related to sea clutter measurements suggesting that it may provide a better fit than other traditional distributions. The authors propose a new method for estimating the Pareto shape parameter based on art...

Severe background clutter is challenging in many computer vision tasks, including large-scale image retrieval. Global descriptors, that are popular due to their memory and search efficiency, are especially prone to corruption by such a clutter. Eliminating the impact of the clutter on the image descriptor increases the chance of retrieving relevant images and prevents topic drift due to actuall...