The insect-parasitic nematode, Steinernema feltiae Filipjev strain 42, was reared in liquid culture along with its bacterial symbiont, Xenorhabdus nematophilus Thomas &Poinar. First-stage juveniles developed into reproducing adults in a maintenance salts medium containing resuspended Xenorhabdus cells and the yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus (Hansen) van der Walt or cholesterol. Cultures with medi...

Whey valorization concerns have led to recent interest on the production of whey beverage simulating kefir. In this study, the structure and microbiota of Brazilian kefir grains and beverages obtained from milk and whole/deproteinised whey was characterized using microscopy and molecular techniques. The aim was to evaluate its stability and possible shift of probiotic bacteria to the beverages....

A ̄occulent Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain with the ability to express both the LAC4 (coding for b-galactosidase) and LAC12 (coding for lactose permease) genes of Kluyveromyces marxianus was constructed. This recombinant strain is not only able to grow on lactose, but it can also ferment this substrate. To our knowledge this is the ®rst time that a recombinant S. cervisiae has been found to fe...

We investigated the inhibitory activity of synthetic isocyanurate-based as well as linear mono- and trihydroxamate siderophore-drug conjugates against Candida spp. The conjugated drug was 13C-desketoneoenactin (DE). The MICs of siderophore-drug conjugates were determined in the absence and presence of 2,2'-dipyridyl to restrict iron availability. The ability of various siderophore types to prom...

Ethanol and endopolygalacturonase (endoPG) are simultaneously produced by the yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus CCEBI 2011. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal combination of seven environmental and nutritional variables, as well as the influence of each one, with respect to the fermentation process in yeast cultures in which sugarcane juice was the substrate. Simplex sequential opti...

Arils from six pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) varieties grown in the Mediterranean region of Turkey were tested for their antimicrobial properties by the agar diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) methods against seven bacteria: (Bacillus megaterium DSM 32, Pseudomonas aeruginosa DSM 9027, Staphylococcus aureus Cowan 1, Corynebacterium xerosis UC 9165, Escherichia coli DM, Ente...

This paper presents an application of a method for multicriteria decision making, namely InterCriteria Analysis (ICrA). The ICrA method gives possibility to compare some criteria or estimated by them objects. There we have applied this method to create а structural identification of а mathematical model of a whey fermentation process. The process is for production of unicellular protein by whey...

Cellulose sausage cellulose casings are used extensively in the manufacture of sausages in meat packaging. After stripping the meat, spent asings mainly contain cellulose and residual meat juice with salt, nitrate and nitrite. Disposal of spent sausage casings has serious economic nd environmental concerns for the sausage industry. This work describes bioconversion of spent cellulose casings (S...

Addition of lactose on whey to produce an alcoholic product by fermentation is optimized in order to maximise final ethanol concentrations and lactose consumption. The effect of the supplementation of the broth with yeast extract, ammonium sulphate, oxygen, protein, peptides and the vitamins nicotinic acid, biotin, pantothenic acid and inositol on aerobic cell growth was also studied. The Crabt...

The extent to which the order of genes along chromosomes is conserved between Saccharomyces cerevisiae and related species was studied by analysing data from DNA sequence database. As expected, the extent of gene order conservation decreases with increasing evolutionary distance. About 59% of adjacent gene pairs in Kluyveromyces lactis or K. marxianus are also adjacent in S. cerevisiae, and a f...