demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (cns) are a group of autoimmune disorders affecting the myelin sheets of cns neurons resulting in different neurological deficits and disability. multiple sclerosis (ms), devic’s disease, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (adem), and neuromyelitis optica (nmo) are among the most common types of d...

Myelin basic protein (MBP) is a major component of the myelin sheath of both the central and peripheral nervous systems. A number of neurological diseases in humans are associated with demyelination of the central and/or peripheral nervous systems, including multiple sclerosis and its variants such as acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (AD), acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalopathy, and idiopath...

Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is associated with point mutations in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), coding for a mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I subunit. It is characterized by bilateral, usually sequential, optic neuropathy and may co-occur with multiple sclerosis-like white matter lesions. Despite repeated clinical reports including MRI and histopathological examination ...

Immune-mediated tissue damage or hypersensitivity can be mediated by autospecific IgG antibodies. Pathology results from activation of complement, and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, mediated by inflammatory effector leukocytes include macrophages, natural killer cells, and granulocytes. Antibodies and complement have been associated to demyelinating pathology in multiple sclerosis (M...

Encapsulated Interferon-Tau during Theiler’s Virus-Induced Demyelinating Disease: Efficacy of Treatment and Immune Response Profile. (December 2008) Dana Deanna Dean, B.S., Texas A&M University; M.S., Texas A&M University Co-Chairs of Advisory Committee: Dr. C. Jane Welsh Dr. Robert C. Burghardt Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common primary demyelinating disease of the central nervous syst...

Multiple sclerosis is an immune-mediated demyelinating disease of unknown etiology that presents with either a chronic-progressive or relapsing-remitting clinical course. Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus-induced demyelinating disease (TMEV-IDD) and relapsing-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (R-EAE) in the SJL/J mouse are both relevant murine CD4+ T cell-mediated demye...

INTRODUCTION Demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) affect prevalently young adults and represent the main cause of neurological disability after trauma in this population (1). Multiple sclerosis (MS), acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), and neuromyelitis optica (NMO) are the most common inflammatory-demyelinating disorders of the CNS (1, 2). Multiple sclerosis shar...

Fibronectin (FN), a large family of plasma and extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoproteins, plays an important role in leukocyte migration. In normal central nervous system (CNS), a fine and delicate mesh of FN is virtually restricted to the basal membrane of cerebral blood vessels and to the glial limitans externa. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an inflammatory CNS demyelinating...