introduction: the latest report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change (ipcc) states that future emissions of greenhouse gases (ghgs) will continue to increase and cause climatic change (16). these conditions are also true for iran. the three greenhouse gases associated with agriculture are carbon dioxide (co2), methane (ch4), and nitrous oxide (n2o). the three ghgs associated with ag...

In recent years, carbon emission markets have become liquid and promising markets within the European Union emissions trading scheme (EU ETS). In order to fit and forecast futures price for CO2 emissions allowances, we propose a new N-factor affine term structure model for CO2 futures price and estimate parameters in the new affine model by using the Kalman filter technique. Our empirical resul...

The projections of energy related carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the Special Report on Emission Scenarios (SRES) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) serve as point of departure for an assessment of plausible ranges of CO2 emissions that could be avoided through CO2 capture and storage measures. Scenario and time dependent, sector and fuel specific capture factors are deve...

Economical and efficient carbon capture, utilization, and sequestration technologies are a requirement for successful implementation of global action plans to reduce carbon emissions and to mitigate climate change. These technologies are also essential for longer-term use of fossil fuels while reducing the associated carbon footprint. We demonstrate an O2-assisted Al/CO2 electrochemical cell as...

S hort-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) include methane (CH4), black carbon (BC), tropospheric ozone, and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). They are important contributors to anthropogenic climate change, responsible for as much as one-third of the current total greenhouse forcing ( 1). An emerging strategy, which we refer to as hybrid climate mitigation (HCM), emphasizes reducing SLCPs in parallel wi...

Volcanic CO2 emissions play a key role in the geological carbon cycle, and monitoring of volcanic CO2 fluxes helps to forecast eruptions. The quantification of CO2 fluxes is challenging due to rapid dilution of magmatic CO2 in CO2-rich ambient air and the diffuse nature of many emissions, leading to large uncertainties in the global magmatic CO2 flux inventory. Here, we report measurements usin...

Global climate change is hitherto the most serious environmental problem, and China’s CO2 emissions reductions have been one of the hottest problems discussed in the world. This paper quantifies the impacts of different abatement policies on economy based on a modified MACRO model. The empirical results show that CO2 direct emissions control with the most serious GDP loss is the most effective ...

[1] Long-term atmospheric CO2 observations are used to quantify fossil fuel-derived CO2 concentrations at a regional polluted site, and at a continental mountain station in southwest Germany. Fossil fuel CO2 emission rates for the relevant catchment areas are obtained by applying the Radon-Tracer-Method. They compare well with statistical emissions inventories but reveal a larger seasonality th...

This paper proposes a method for estimating emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and particulate matter (PM) from ships using Automatic Identification System (AIS) data. The method can be summarized in three steps : 1) capture of AIS data, 2) estimation of ships resistance, propulsion power, engine power and fuel consumption, 3) estimation of CO2 and PM emissions based on fuel consumption. The met...

Emissions of CO2 and CH4 from freshwater reservoirs constitute a globally significant source of atmospheric greenhouse gases (GHGs), but knowledge gaps remain with regard to spatiotemporal drivers of emissions. We document the spatial and seasonal variation in surface diffusion of CO2 and CH4 from Douglas Lake, a hydropower reservoir in Tennessee, USA. Monthly estimates across 13 reservoir site...