The structure and biochemical function of the hot dog-fold thioesterase PaaI operative in the aerobic phenylacetate degradation pathway are examined. PaaI showed modest activity with phenylacetyl-coenzyme A, suggestive of a role in coenzyme A release from this pathway intermediate in the event of limiting downstream pathway enzymes. Minimal activity was observed with aliphatic acyl-coenzyme A t...

The in vivo coenzyme A intermediates involved in the metabolic pathway in which vitamin B,t serves as a coenzyme (conversion of methylmalonyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA) were measured in the livers of control and B12-deprived animals. Succinyl-CoA was assayed by the succinate thiokinase arsenolysis of succinyl-CoA coupled with 5’,5’-dithiobis(Znitrobenzoic acid) measurement of the liberated coenzyme A...

While some complementary and alternative techniques have been studied scientifically, high-quality data regarding safety, effectiveness, and mechanism of action are limited or controversial for most therapies. Whenever possible, it is recommended that practitioners be licensed by a recognized professional organization that adheres to clearly published standards. In addition, before starting a n...

CoQ10 was discovered by Dr. Frederick L. Crane at the University of Wisconsin in the late 1950s during his research on the biochemistry of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, also known as the respiratory chain. The pure substance isolated from beef heart mitochondria was sent to Dr. Karl Folkers at the pharmaceutical company Merck for identification and elucidation of its structure. It...

Methyl-coenzyme M reductase (MCR) from methanogenic archaea catalyzes the terminal step in biological methane synthesis. Using coenzyme B (CoBSH) as the two-electron donor, MCR reduces methyl-coenzyme M (methyl-SCoM) to form methane and the heterodisulfide product, CoBS-SCoM. MCR contains an essential redox active nickel tetrapyrrolic cofactor called coenzyme F430 at its active site, which is a...

RATIONALE Mitochondrial nephropathy has a poor prognosis and often progresses to the end-stage renal disease. Renal pathology often is focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and does not respond to steroid therapy or immunosuppressive therapy. Some patients are benefited from the therapy of coenzyme Q10, which affect the synthesis pathway of coenzyme Q10. PATIENT CONCERNS Herein, we report...

A mechanism is proposed for the catalytic action of coenzyme B-12 which is consistent with current knowledge of organometallic reactions and with the experimental data now available from biochemical studies. A key feature of the proposal is an electrocyclic cleavage of the coenzyme that reduces cobalt and also leads to a 1,19-seco-corrin. The seco-corrin serves as a tridentate ligand about Co(I...

Problem statement: Hyperlipidemia is well known to play a main role in the development of atherosclerosis. It is characterized by abnormally elevated cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the blood. It has been recognized for many years that hypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases suc...