Elucidating the role of genes that are important for the development of the vascular endothelium and their time course of expression throughout ontogeny is an important and exciting area of ongoing investigation. In addition to advances that can be made to better understand the vasculature from a developmental perspective, there are obvious clinical implications from determining how gene expres...

Exact Assessment of Perfusion and Collateral Vessel Proliferation in Small Animal Models To the Editor: Exact quantification of blood flow restoration and neovascularization poses a significant challenge, especially in small animal models. Although descriptive as well as functional methods of assessment exist, perfusion measurement has become a key point of current angiogenesis/arteriogenesis a...

Giant serpentine aneurysms are fusiform partially thrombosed aneurysms with a separate outflow tract to normal distal cerebral vessels. Three patients with giant serpentine aneurysms of the anterior and middle cerebral arteries were treated with endovascular occlusion of the aneurysmal lumen with coils or glue after balloon test occlusion of the involved vessel. In all 3 patients, leptomeningea...

| June 2013 | 536 paradox. According to this hypothesis, it seems that during the short period, arteriogenesis is reduced in diabetes mellitus due to VEGF resistance, however, in long‐period, angiogenesis increases in spite of VEGF resistance the results of high and continuous stimulation of VEGF.[5] Increase in arteriogenesis is associated with collateral vessel formation, while, increase in a...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In acute stroke patients with intracranial vessel occlusion, angiographic demonstration of antegrade contrast opacification distal to the occlusion site (termed the "clot outline sign") has been associated with higher rates of vessel recanalization. We sought to determine whether antegrade flow can be demonstrated on time-resolved 4-dimensional computed tomographic angiog...

Annual coronary arteriograms have been obtained from all heart transplant recipients at Stanford University Medical Center since 1969. Angiographic lesions in 81 transplant patients exhibiting coronary vascular disease were classified into three categories: type A, discrete or tubular stenoses; type B, diffuse concentric narrowing; and type C, narrowed irregular vessels with occluded branches. ...

a necessity. This is particularly true in the diabetic and the nondiabetic patient with "small vessel" or end-artery disease. Unlike occlusive disease affecting major arterial trunks, these individuals have involvement of small arteries and arterioles supplying the skin and subcutaneous tissue where development of a collateral network is at a minimum. Consequently, when injury or infection incr...

Letter by Cao et al Regarding Article, “Impact of Target Arterial Residual Stenosis on Outcome After Endovascular Revascularization” To the Editor: We have read the article by Hwang et al about the impact of residual stenosis on outcome after endovascular revascularization in patients with acute anterior circulation stroke and middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion. In their study, 21 patients ...

A 6-year-old girl presented with a very large aneurysm of the distal branch middle cerebral artery( angular artery). There was previous history mild traumatic brain injury. The presentation happened more than 5 weeks after trauma an atypical visual complaint. She successfully treated by embolization and occlusion parental vessel. Recognizing pos is challenging in young child must be remembered ...

Arteriogenesis has been associated with the presence of monocytes/macrophages within the collateral vessel wall. We tested the hypothesis that arteriogenesis is functionally linked to the concentration of circulating blood monocytes. Monocyte concentrations in peripheral blood were manipulated by single injections of the antimetabolite 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), resulting in a marked rebound effect...