The present study evaluated the impact of combat and interpersonal trauma exposure in a sample of 115 U.S. women veterans from Gulf War I and the Iraq and Afghanistan wars on 3 postdeployment trauma-related mental health outcomes: posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms (PSS), depressive symptom severity (DSS), and alcohol misuse. Patients presenting for healthcare services at a Veterans Affairs...

Multi-agent systems offer a new stage in the evolution of combat simulation. Originally, warfighters simulated combat manually to explore alternatives and plan their campaigns. The first applications of computers to combat simulation used algorithms that aggregated the warriors on each side, such as differential equations or game theory, effectively modeling the entire battlespace with a single...

BACKGROUND Recent studies suggest that assessment of threat-related attention bias may be useful in identifying soldiers at risk for clinical symptoms. The present study assessed the degree to which soldiers experienced combat events and showed attentional threat avoidance affected their reported levels of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and anxiety symptoms. METHODS Four months after a...

Combat in roguelikes involves careful strategy to best match a large variety of items and abilities to a given opponent, and the significant scripting effort involved can be a major barrier to automation. This paper presents a machine learning approach for a subset of combat in the game of NetHack. We describe a custom learning approach intended to deal with the large action space typical of th...

This has remarkable implications. Since this quantity never changes sign, only one of R and G can ever be zero. If the initial value of (3) is positive, for example, only G can equal zero, and so only red can win. So this quantity is key in determining who will win the battle, and a side’s fighting strength – we shall call rR and gG the red and green forces’ respective fighting strengths – vari...

Immune understudies combat lupus Regulatory T (T reg) cells calm the immune system and thwart attacks on the body's own tissues. On page 793 Dai et al. report that another T cell type performs a similar job and might serve as a backup to impaired T reg cells in autoimmune diseases. The cells could provide a new way to treat diseases such as lupus. The researchers were investigating a puzzling v...

BACKGROUND Frequency of rehospitalization and associated resource requirements are unknown for combat casualties. Differences may also exist in readmission rates for injuries to separate body regions. This study investigates rehospitalization of combat casualties with a hypothesis that extremity injuries cause the greatest number of readmissions and require the greatest resources to treat. ME...

INTRODUCTION The world remains plagued by wars and terrorist attacks, and improvised explosive devices (IED) are the main weapons of our current enemies, causing almost two-thirds of all combat injuries. We wished to analyse the pattern of blast trauma on the modern battlefield and to compare it with combat gunshot injuries. MATERIALS AND METHODS Analysis of a consecutive series of combat tra...