Transactions are contracts that guarantee a consistent, transparent, individual system state transition and their use is widespread in many different kinds of computing systems. Some well known standards (e.g. CORBA) include the specification of services that provide transactional properties. In this paper, we present a formal method for the systematic synthesis of transactional middleware base...

Open component architectures, such as CORBA, allow software systems to be composed of independent components. The behavior of components is described with a mixture of an interface definition language (IDL) and informal prose. This may lead to ambiguous descriptions. This paper proposes an abstract specification of components using the formal specification language Object-Z. The usage of Object...

Only a few research papers have analysed the spatial distribution of economic activity in Ireland. There are a number of reasons for this, not least the fact that comprehensive data on the location of economic activity by sector across all sectors has not been available at the highly disaggregated spatial level. This paper firstly establishes the geographic distribution of employment at the 2 d...

This paper presents an approach to verify PLCs, a common platform to control systems in the industry. We automatically translate PLC programs written in the languages of the IEC 61131-3 standard to B models, amenable to formal analysis of safety constraints and general structural properties of the application. This approach thus integrates formal methods into existing industrial processes, incr...

Members of the agile programming and formal methods communities do not always see eye-to-eye. These two communities often do not talk to or learn from each other. Only recently, as highlighted by the September 2009 issue of IEEE Software, the IFIP workshop on balancing agility and formalism in software engineering, and the first edition of the international workshop for formal methods and agile...

today, there arevarious statistical models for the discrete simulation of the rainfall occurrence/non-occurrence with more emphasizing on long-term climatic statistics. nevertheless, the accuracy of such models or predictions should be improved in short timescale. in the present paper, it is assumed that the rainfall occurrence/non-occurrence sequences follow a two-layer hidden markov model (hm...