In this article, we give several generalizations of the concept of annihilating an ideal graph over a commutative ring with identity to modules. We observe that, over a commutative ring, R, AG∗(RM) is connected, and diamAG∗(RM) ≤ 3. Moreover, if AG∗(RM) contains a cycle, then grAG∗(RM) ≤ 4. Also for an R-module M with A∗(M) ̸= S(M) \ {0}, A∗(M) = ∅, if and only if M is a uniform module, and ann(...

In this paper, we give a notation on the Singleton bounds for linear codes over a finite commutative quasi-Frobenius ring in the work of Shiromoto [5]. We show that there exists a class of finite commutative quasi-Frobenius rings. The Singleton bounds for linear codes over such rings satisfy d(C) − 1 A ≤ n− log|R| |C|. keywords : Linear codes, General weight, Quasi-Frobenius ring, Singleton bounds

In this paper, we consider the factorization approach to control systems with plants admitting coprime factorizations. Further, the set of stable causal transfer functions is a general commutative ring. The objective of this paper is to present that even in the case where the set of stable causal transfer functions is a general commutative ring, the parametrization of stabilizing controllers is...

We prove that a Jordan homomorphism from a Banach algebra into a semisimple commutative Banach algebra is a ring homomorphism. Using a signum effectively, we can give a simple proof of the Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability of a Jordan homomorphism between Banach algebras. As a direct corollary, we show that to each approximate Jordan homomorphism f from a Banach algebra into a semisimple commutative...

In this paper we show that a commutative semisimple ring is always a Smarandache ring. We will also give a necessary and sufficient condition for group algebra to be a Smarandache ring. Examples are provided for justification.