the present sought to draw a comparison between model predictive control performance and two other controllers named simple pi and selective pi in controlling large-scale natural gas transport networks. a nonlinear dynamic model of representative gas pipeline was derived from pipeline governing rules and simulated in simulink® environment of matlab®. control schemes were designed to provide a s...

SCUBA diving equipment is the most commonly used compressed gas system in civilian diving and illustrates the important features and function relevant to diving physiology. Basic SCUBA equipment consists of a cylinder of air at high pressure, a demand valve regulator, and a device for holding this equipment on the diver's back. In the modern context the latter is usually an inflatable jacket ca...

The tests were carried out with the spark timing adjusted to the maximum brake torquetiming in various equivalence ratios and engine speeds for gasoline and natural gas operations. In thiswork, the lower heating value of gasoline is about 13.6% higher than that of natural gas. Based on theexperimental results, the natural gas operation causes an increase of about 6.2% brake special fuelconsumpt...

Nowadays one of the most important energy sources is natural gas. By depletion of oil reservoirs in the world, natural gas will emerge as the future energy source for human life. One of the major concerns of gas suppliers is being able to supply this source of energy the entire year. This concern intensifies during more consuming seasons of the year when the demand for natural gas increases, r...

Mass casualty events and disasters, both natural and human-generated, occur frequently around the world and can generate scores of injured or ill victims in need of resources. Of the available medical supplies, oxygen remains the critical consumable resource in disaster management. Strategic management of oxygen supplies in disaster scenarios remains a priority. Hospitals have large supplies of...

We find that at redshifts z > ∼ 10, HD line cooling allows strongly-shocked primordial gas to cool to the temperature of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). This temperature is the minimum value attainable via radiative cooling. Provided that the abundance of HD, normalized to the total number density, exceeds a critical level of ∼ 10, the CMB temperature floor is reached in a time which is ...

A thermochemical conversion (TCC) process was developed to convert swine manure into an oil product in a high temperature and pressure environment. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of different process gases, including CO, H2, CO2, N2, and compressed air, on the efficiencies of oil production and waste reduction, and to explore the possibility of replacing costly reducing ...

The present sought to draw a comparison between Model Predictive Control performance and two other controllers named Simple PI and Selective PI in controlling large-scale natural gas transport networks. A nonlinear dynamic model of representative gas pipeline was derived from pipeline governing rules and simulated in SIMULINK® environment of MATLAB®. Control schemes were designed to provide a s...