A spatial process observed over a lattice or a set of irregular regions is usually modeled using a conditionally autoregressive (CAR) model. The neighborhoods within a CAR model are generally formed using only the inter-distances between the regions. To accommodate the effect of directions, a new class of spatial models is developed using different weights given to neighbors in different direct...

BACKGROUND Glioma rates vary by demographic factors and geo-political boundaries and this variation suggests higher glioma rates in groups of higher socioeconomic position. The primary goal of this analysis is to investigate the relationship between glioma and county socioeconomic position using U.S. Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) data. METHODS Cases were individuals 25+ yea...

G08CBF Note: before using this routine, please read the Users' Note for your implementation to check the interpretation of bold italicised terms and other implementation-dependent details. 1 Purpose G08CBF performs the one-sample Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, using one of the standard distributions provided. The data consists of a single sample of n observations denoted by x 1 ; x 2 ;. .. ; x n. Let...

According to the linearized theory of supersonic flow, both the local slope of the mean surface of a wing producing a specified distribution of lift and the pressure on a wing due to a specified distribution of volume are given as singular double integrals. The numerical evaluation of these is described for planforms with curved subsonic leading edges and supersonic trailing edges for the cases...

This paper argues that specified blocks have every advantage over the combination of assertions, preconditions, postconditions, invariants, and variants, both for verifying programs, and for program development. They are simpler, more general, easier to write, and they make proofs easier.

In this work we solve an open problem of U.Höhle ([10], Problem 11). We show that the solution gives a characterization of all conditionally cancellative t-subnorms. Further, we give an equivalence condition for a conditionally cancellativite t-subnorm to be a t-norm and hence show that conditionally cancellativite t-subnorms whose natural negations are strong are, in fact, t-norms. Mathematics...

In this work we solve an open problem of U.Höhle [Problem 11, Fuzzy Sets and Systems 145 (2004) 471-479]. We show that the solution gives a characterization of all conditionally cancellative t-subnorms. Further, we give an equivalence condition for a conditionally cancellativite t-subnorm to be a t-norm and hence show that conditionally cancellativite t-subnorms whose natural negations are stro...

The objective of this paper is to obtain two results in probabilistic 2-metric space by employing the concepts (E.A)-property, conditionally compatible, semi-compatible and sub-sequentially continuous mappings. These findings improve theorem proved [5]. Further, these are substantiated supporting examples.