Purpose In 2011, the International Commissionon Radiological Protection (ICRP) recommended reducing threshold dose for lens. Therefore, it is important to reduce lens exposure in medical exposures. a cranio-caudal (CC) view of mammography, patient' s receives scattered radiation. this study, we investigated scatter around during mammography and reviewed simple easy protection methods Methods Op...

The possibility to combine the track-etched CR-39 or Makrofol detectors with charcoal to increase the detector sensitivity was shown in the last years. Special requests are necessary in the case of a personal dosimeter when the detector must be active only during working activity. Regarding the combination of charcoal with TL detectors our preliminary investigations indicate that the TLD intens...

A personal UV dosimeter that can quantitatively assess high exposure solar UVA exposures has been developed. The chemical polyphenylene oxide has been previously reported on its ability to measure high UVB exposures. This current research has found that polyphenylene oxide, cast in thin film form, is responsive to both the UVA and UVB parts of the solar spectrum. Further to this, the UVB wavele...

The purpose of this study was to survey the current techniques and methods of analysis in bronchoprovocational challenges currently in use. A questionnaire was sent to 94 investigators who had recently published an article in which a bronchoprovocational technique was used. They were asked to answer questions regarding the techniques used in challenge procedures and to calculate the results of ...

A mobile system comprising of a Geiger-Muller (GM) dosimeter connected with a smart phone was used for ambient gamma dose rate survey within the districts and on the roads within the state of Kuwait. While the dosimeter provides data on gamma dose rates, the smart phone provides the GPS navigation information and saves the data for subsequent analysis and mapping. The survey covered a total dis...

X-ray machines that comply with the ISO requirements for calibrating personal dosimeters sometimes are not available in a world region, mainly in developing countries. This is used as an excuse for a lack of personal dosimeter calibration and, consequently, a lack of reliability in the individual monitoring programs. Considering the availability of x-ray machines in many hospitals, this work sh...

Proposition 4.1 (1) of this article is not correct as stated. For instance, if ε is the quadratic Dirichlet character of conductor 15, then there are two newforms in Sk(Γ1(15), ε) with coefficients in Q, and these are twists of each other by the quadratic character of conductor 3, whereas the quantity u in the proposition is 0 here. I am grateful to Steve Donnelly for pointing out this example....

We propose a general workflow to numerically estimate the spread of electrical excitation in the patients' hearts. To this end, a semi-automatic segmentation pipeline for extracting the volume conductor model of structurally normal hearts is presented. The cardiac electrical source imaging technique aims to provide information about the spread of electrical excitation in order to assist the car...

Meaningful interconnect design and compliance analysis must start with the identification of broadband dielectric and conductor roughness models. Such models are not available from manufacturers and the model identification is the most important element of successful interconnect design for link paths with 10-50 Gbps and higher data rates. Electromagnetic analysis of interconnects without such ...

Bi2212 round multifilament wire has good potential for MRI systems designed to operate at 20 K and produce fields greater than 1.5 T. However, Bi2212 conductor is expensive largely due to the costs associated with materials and fabrication. To reduce the cost, we are investigating single restack designs. This approach reduces the silver fraction. It also reduces the amount of processing needed ...