Duplication of gall bladder is a rare congenital anomaly of the hepatobiliary system. It is a very important entity in clinical practice as preoperative diagnosis plays a significant role in the management and to avoid unnecessary bile duct injury during surgery. We report a case of duplicated gall bladder presenting as acute cholecystitis.

Urethral doubling is a rare congenital malformation of the lower urinary tract. A little more than 200 cases various forms this defect have been described in literature worldwide. We present clinical case duplication urethra combination with megaureter only functioning kidney. In patient, we encountered previously undescribed anomaly within generally accepted classification kidney collecting sy...

Diverticula of the oesophagus are rare. They can occur at any level, and are often defined by their anatomical location. Three categories are recognised, namely pharyngo-oesophageal, parabronchial and epiphrenic. Although these diverticula are often asymptomatic, patients can develop significant problems with dysphagia, regurgitation and aspiration. The causation of oesophageal diverticula is c...

To cite: Hajini FF, Husain M, Bhat A, et al. BMJ Case Rep Published online: [please include Day Month Year] doi:10.1136/ bcr-2013-202887 DESCRIPTION A 62-year-old male patient presented to the outpatient department with symptoms of recurrent dyspepsia and pain in the upper abdomen for the past 3 years, for which he was on erratic treatment. There was no history suggestive of chronic cough, pept...

BACKGROUND Urethral valves are infravesical congenital anomalies, with the posterior urethral valve (PUV) being the most prevalent one. Anterior urethral valve (AUV) is a rare but a well-known congenital anomaly. AUV and diverticula can cause severe obstruction, whose repercussions on the proximal urinary system can be important. Few cases have been described; both separately and in association...

Introduction Though the exact etiology is not clear, the prevalence of duodenal diverticula increases with age and is found in less than 5% of post-mortem examinations [1]. Progressive weakening of the intestinal smooth muscles and increase in intraduodenal pressure is said to be the reason for this out pouching of the duodenum [2]. Most (70-75%) of duodenal diverticula occur in the periampulla...

Background: Bladder exstrophy is a very rare congenital anomaly characterized by a defect in the closure of the lower abdominal wall and eversion of the bladder mucosa, ureteral orifices, bladder neck, and urethra Case : A 37-year-old woman arrived at the emergency room with a missed abortion. She was para 5-0-3-1 and had a breech section 7 years earlier. Conclusion: We describe patients with b...

megacystis microcolon intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome (mmihs) is a rare and the most severe form of functional intestinal obstruction in the newborn. the characteristic features of this congenital and fatal disease are abdominal distension, absent or decreased bowel peristalsis. abdominal distension is a consequence of the distended, unobstructed urinary bladder with or without hydronephros...

Exstrophy of the bladder is a rare congenital anomaly with an incidence of about 1 per 50,000 newborns. The malignant potential of the exstrophied bladder mucosa is well known; 95% are adenocarcinomas, and 3% to 5% are squamous cell carcinomas. Most of the malignant tumors (60%) associated with an exstrophy of the bladder occur during the fourth and fifth decades of life. Of the remaining, abou...