background and objective: escherichia coli o157:h7, an emerging pathogen, causes severe enteritis and the extraintestinal complication of hemolytic-uremic syndrome. the goal of this study was to evaluate the conjugate of e. coli o157: h7 lipopolysaccharide (lps) with diphtheria toxoid (dt) as a candidate vaccine in mice model. material and methods: lps from e. coli o157:h7 was extracted by hot ...

Adiabatic compression is a key factor that exerts control over thermal convection in the compressible solid mantle of super-Earths. To discuss the effects of adiabatic compression, we present a numerical model of transient convection in the cooling mantle of a super-Earth that is ten times larger in size than the Earth. The calculations started with the shallow mantle that was hotter than expec...

Numerical solutions of convection–diffusion equations obtained using the Streamline–Upwind Petrov–Galerkin (SUPG) stabilisation typically possess spurious oscillations at layers. Spurious Oscillations at Layers Diminishing (SOLD) methods aim to suppress or at least diminish these oscillations without smearing the layers extensively. In the recent review by John and Knobloch (2007), numerical st...

The efficacy of methotrexate (MTX) as an antimetabolite chemotherapeutic agent highly depends on its blood circulation half-life. In our previous study, different conjugates of MTX (MTX-PEG) were synthesized, their physicochemical properties were investigated and MTX-PEG5000 was finally selected as optimum drug-conjugate for further investigations. In the current work, first the stability of MT...

In this paper a numerical method is used to study the unsteady state natural convection heat transfer within a confined porous media with uniform internal heat generation. The governing equations based on the Darcy model and Bossiness approximations are solved, using the finite difference Alternating Direction Implicit (ADI) method. The developed program was used to simulate natural convection ...

[1] Ionospheric convection is occasionally observed to be substantially enhanced even when the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) is not strongly southward and the IMF By is not large. Such enhanced convection flows tend to exhibit large oscillations with !10–30 min periodicity. We have considered the solar wind characteristics that lead to these oscillatory convection enhancements. We have us...

High-resolution simulations over a large tropical domain (;208S–208N, 428E–1808) using both explicit and parameterized convection are analyzed and compared to observations during a 10-day case study of an active Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) event. The parameterized convection model simulations at both 40and 12-km grid spacing have a very weak MJO signal and little eastward propagation. A 4-k...

The condensation problem in automobile lighting system risks driving and driver safety. Condensation is the main cause of problems such insufficient lighting. In our study, vehicle headlights discussed. region where will occur was estimated from results obtained temperature analysis. amount condensed mass calculated by calculation method. Calculations were confirmed numerical analyzes made ANSY...

Boiling conjugate heat transfer is an active field of research encountered in several industries, including metallurgy, power generation and electronics. This paper presents a computational fluid dynamics approach capable accurately modelling the flow phenomena during immersion quenching: process which hot solid immersed into liquid, leading to sudden boiling at solid–liquid interface. The adop...