Multi-Material Additive Manufacturing (MMAM) is an emerging manufacturing approach that gaining interest in architecture and construction as expansion of Manufacturing. Hereby, different materials or material properties are combined a single additive process order to create objects composed multiple materials. Ultimately, this introduces new way building, where assembly no longer necessity comb...

Urbanization is considered a main driver of building material consumption. Nevertheless, statements on links between urbanization and resource consumption remain qualitative. This study aims to globally quantify the non-metallic mineral at level nations. Based hypotheses, we have investigated relationship construction further impact variables. Data were examined using descriptive analytical sta...

Abstract Plastic paving blocks use concrete sand and plastic waste as binding materials. This study aims to calculate the potential for reducing in nature if are mass produced. The was carried out using an experimental method, a laboratory place of testing. If reduction is considered, 60% plastic:40% variation with compressive strength value 13.92 MPa included grade C. conclusion this manufactu...

Industrial buyers of capital facilities have experienced and continue to experience pressure to reduce facility design and construction lead time. This pressure arises both internally (due to successes in manufacturing lead time reductions) and externally (due to competitive forces including narrowing product delivery windows). This paper presents a case study detailing one owner’s efforts to r...

Traditional Finnish timber construction is characterized by simplicity, clarity and scanty use of decoration. The traditional construction technique used a timberwork frame, which led to simple, cube-like building masses. Nevertheless, several log buildings erected around one yard formed a rich and varied entity, both in the country and in towns. The distinctive Finnish wooden town represents t...