In this paper, a modeling tool for risk assessment analysis of the movement of hydrocarbon contaminants in the vadose zone and mass flux of contamination release into the groundwater table was developed. Also, advection-diffusion-reaction equations in combination with a three-phase equilibrium state between trapped air, soil humidity, and solid particles of unsaturated soil matrix were numerica...

Cooking stoves produce significant emissions of PM2.5 in homes, causing major health impacts rural communities. The installation chimneys cooking has been documented to substantially reduce indoor compared those traditional open fires. Majority the pass through outdoors, while some fraction leak directly into air, which is defined as fugitive emission. Indoor concentrations are then result such...

Article history: Received 7 April 2011 Received in revised form 17 September 2011 Accepted 18 September 2011 Is wind direction an adequate marker of air mass history? This review looks at the evolution of methods for assessing the effect of the origin and pathway of air masses on composition change and trends. The composition of air masses and how they evolve and the changing contribution of so...

EXTENDED ABSTRACT The end user requirement for this development is to be able to assess the impact of land use changes on groundwater quality, specifically that due to nitrate leaching from agriculture. Implementation will be for alluvial plains at scales up to about 2000 km. GIS databases provide information on land use and soils. This information, at individual field and farm scale, enables m...

solute transport in unsaturated porous media can be viewed as a coupled phenomenon with waterand heat transport, together with mechanical behaviour of media. in this paper, solute transport is formulatedmathematically considering heat and water flow in deformable porous media. advection, dispersion anddiffusion of chemical species in the liquid phase are considered. convection and conduction fo...

UNLABELLED In case contaminants are found in enclosed environments such as aircraft cabins or buildings, it is useful to find the contaminant sources. One method to locate contaminant sources is by inverse computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling. As the inverse CFD modeling is ill posed, this paper has proposed to solve a quasi-reversibility (QR) equation for contaminant transport. The equa...

Electrokinetic extraction is an emerging technology that has shown considerable potential for efficient and effective removal of both inorganic and organic contaminants from fine-grained soils of low hydraulic conductivity and large specific area when conditions are favorable. The cleanup technology is basically the application of a direct-current electric field across contaminated soils throug...

Introduction It is recognized that physical and chemical interactions between adjacent ground water and surface water bodies are an important factor impacting water budget and nutrient/ contaminant transport within a watershed (Winter et al., 1998). This observation is also of importance for hazardous waste site cleanup within the United States, since about 75% of sites regulated under the Reso...

In the chemical industry, 1,4-diethylene dioxide, commonly called dioxane, is widely used as a solvent well stabilizing agent for chlorinated solvents. Due to its high miscibility, dioxane ubiquitous water contaminant. This study investigates effectiveness of catalyst- and ultrasound (US)-assisted persulfate (PS) activation with regard degrading dioxane. As first step, composite catalyst was pr...

Aqueous contaminant removal in the presence of metallic iron (e.g. in Fe(0)/H(2)O systems) is characterized by the large diversity of removing agents. This paper analyses the synergistic effect of adsorption, co-precipitation and reduction on the process contaminant removal in Fe(0)/H(2)O systems on the basis of simple theoretical calculations. The system evolution is characterized by the perce...