The increasing use of multimedia streaming applications in addition with advent of internet television and radio, demands from today's wireless networks to handle with reliability multiple broadcasting and multicasting sources. However, the way that 802.11 standard, which is the primary technology in wireless networking, handle this type of traffic raises a series of problems mainly related to ...

MANET is a self-directed system consisting of mobile nodes, which can be either routers and/or hosts. Nodes in MANET are connected by wireless links without base stations. The Backoff algorithm considered as a main element of Media Access Control (MAC) protocol, which is used to avoid collision in MANET’s. The Fibonacci Backoff algorithm and the Pessimistic Fibonacci Backoff are proposed to imp...

Wireless local area networks (WLANs) based on the IEEE 802.11 standards have been widely implemented mainly because of their easy deployment and low cost. The IEEE 802.11 collision avoidance procedures utilize the binary exponential backoff (BEB) scheme that reduces the collision probability by doubling the contention window after a packet collision. In this paper, we propose an easy-to-impleme...

With the development of wireless technology, users not only have access to Internet, but this has also sparked emergence Wireless Ad-hoc Networks (WANETs); promising networking paradigm potential adopt shape new emergent networks such as Internet Things (IoT), Vehicular (VANET) and Sensor (WSN). However, channel contention (CC) is one key reasons why TCP performs poorly in WANETs. This paper pr...

Postcolonial Vietnam is characterized by the interplay between necropolitics and necrosociality, as practiced respectively militarized state a society that traditionally maintains relations with dead. This key to understanding conflicts in over bones of unidentified war On one hand, such can challenge state's sovereignty when it assumes responsibility taking care them. other they exert strong p...

The IEEE 802.11 standard for wireless local area network defines a power management algorithm for Independent Basic Service Set (IBSS). The wireless stations that form an IBSS communication mode create ad-hoc connections between themselves and communicate with each other through a contention based channel access mechanism. The wireless stations in IBSS are typically battery enabled low power de...