According to the equivalent light hypothesis, molecular defects in the photoreceptor lead to a continuous activation of the photoreceptor cascade in a manner equivalent to real light. The consequences in diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa (RP) are as disruptive to the cells as real light. Two forms of the equivalent light hypothesis can be distinguished: strong - mutations in rhodopsin or ot...

The rodent Harderian glands (HGs) are large paired orbital organs with highest porphyrinogenic rates. We have previously shown that continuous light exposure abolished the day/night variations of the delta-aminolevulinate synthase (ALA-S; the rate-limiting enzyme for porphyrin biosynthesis) gene expression observed under standard light: dark cycles (LD 12:12) in the rat HGs. This study was desi...

We present a 19-year-old man who excreted green urine after propofol infusion. The patient was admitted to our hospital for injuries sustained in a traffic accident and underwent surgery. After starting continuous infusion of propofol for postoperative sedation, his urine became dark green. Serum total bilirubin and urine bilirubin were both elevated. We believe that the green discoloration of ...

Although it has been recommended that photochromogenicity of mycobacteria should be tested after incubation at 25 to 30 degrees C for 2 weeks (Wayne et al., Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 24:412-419, 1974), our results indicate that photochromogenicity should be determined at 37 degrees C in the dark and under continuous exposure to light for 2 weeks. The test at 37 degrees C gives more stable result...

We consider the transmission of a single bit over the continuous-time Poisson channel with noiseless feedback. We show that to send the bit reliably requires, on the average, half the energy of a photon. In the absence of peak-power constraints this holds irrespective of the intensity of the dark current. We also solve for the energy required to send log 2 M bits.

We consider the existence and stability of the hole, or dark soliton, solution to a Ginzburg–Landau perturbation of the defocusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS), and to the nearly real complex Ginzburg–Landau equation (CGL). By using dynamical systems techniques, it is shown that the dark soliton can persist as either a regular perturbation or a singular perturbation of that which exists...

: optical separate spatial dark and bright soliton pairs in steady-state case in one dimension, for a series circuit consisting of two-photon photorefractive (pr) crystal are investigated. each crystal can be supported the spatial soliton, and at least one must be photovoltaic. the two solitons are known collectively as separate spatial soliton pairs with dark–dark, bright–dark and bright–brigh...

A comparative study of the spectral sensitivity of anthocyanin production in dark-grown and light-pretreated systems was carried out in Brassica oleracea L., Lycopersicon esculentum Mill., Secale cereale L. and Spirodela polyrrhiza L. Light pretreatments bring about an enhancement of the inductive, red-far red reversible response in all systems, a decrease of the continuous irradiation response...

When Euglena gracilis is dark adapted for 10 min or more, oxygen evolution as the conse­ quence of short (5 usee) saturating light flashes does not show the picture of a damped oscillation with a periodicity of 4, as known from the literature. The overall picture of this flash pattern is given by the fact that 0 2-evolution in the First two flashes is practically zero and rises from there onwar...