نتایج جستجو برای: corruption and health systems
تعداد نتایج: 17122299 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
a University of Cardiff, Department of Epidemiology, Statistics and Public Health, Cardiff, Wales. Correspondence to this author (email: [email protected]). b National Public Health Service for Wales, Cardiff, Wales. Ref. No. 06-036251 There is an old military saying: “Armchair generals talk strategy, professionals talk logistics”. Much health sector policy reform is driven less by evidence tha...
international health is still highly dominated by equilibrium approaches. the emergence of systems thinking in international health provides a great avenue to develop innovative health interventions adapted to changing contexts. the public health community, nevertheless, has the responsibility to translate concepts related to systems thinking and complexity into concrete research methods and in...
until now many studies have been done over recent decades throughout the world to show the right age to start english. in iran, research is still at an early stage in terms of evaluating teachers’ beliefs about teaching children english. the problem of at what age to start teaching english and how to teach english to elementary school children has not been solved neither in this country nor els...
This article mainly seeks to provide a framework to help us reach a better understanding of the nature, causes and grounds of increasing administrative corruption in developing countries. In this regard, the author identifies six approaches to administrative corruption and surveys issues related to the rise of corruption within these context. These approaches include cost-benefit, relative depr...
Corruption, an undeniable reality in the health sector, is arguably the most serious ethical crisis in medicine today. However, it remains poorly addressed in scholarly journals and by professional associations of physicians and bioethicists. This article provides an overview of the forms and dynamics of corruption in healthcare as well as its implications in health and medicine. Corruption tra...
Although corruption is not a new phenomenon and is as old as human social history, but the body of knowledge and research on corruption is produced and developed in the past three decades. Corruption as an interdisciplinary field is studied in economics, law, management, political science, social science and psychology. This paper attempts to do a systemic review in order to understanding the s...
There is a growing appreciation among economists of the need to better understand the role that corruption plays in real-world economies. Although some have argued that it can be welfare enhancing (Nathaniel Leff, 1964), most commentators believe that a willingness to accept bribes (or similar forms of corruption) in either the public or the private sector reduces economic ef ciency (Andrei Sh...
Good veterinary governance assumes the provision of veterinary services that are sustainably financed, universally available, and provided efficiently without waste or duplication, in a manner that is transparent and free of fraud or corruption. Good veterinary governance is a necessary condition for sustainable economic development insomuch as it promotes the effective delivery of services and...
BACKGROUND District health systems in Africa depend largely on public funding. In many countries, not only are these funds insufficient, but they are also released in an untimely fashion, thereby creating serious cash flow problems for district health managers. This paper examines how the untimely release of public sector health funds in Ghana affects district health activities and the way dist...
This study uses a cross-country panel to examine the determinants of corruption, paying particular attention to political institutions that increase accountability. Even though the theoretical literature has stressed the importance of political institutions in determining corruption, the empirical literature is relatively scarce. Our results confirm the role of political institutions in determi...
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