Fighting corruption is a vital aspect of good governance. When assessing government performance voters should thus withdraw electoral support from government parties that turn a blind eye to or even engage in corrupt practices. Whereas most accounts of performance-based voting focus on economic outcomes, we analyse whether and to what extent voters punish incumbents for high levels of corruptio...

one of the best ways to encountering administrative corruption is identifying the factors of its emersion, prevalence and control. this paper aims to determine and prioritize those mentioned factors in educational system. research results showed that economic conditions of educational personnel have most important impact on tendency to commit corruption. also, administrative and managerial mech...

Corruption is a hot topic of academic and public policy research. Specifically, corruption is often characterized as directly impacting the economies of developing countries: “Corruption undermines governance, economic growth, and, ultimately, the stability of countries and regions” (Spector, 2005). Of particular concern are areas of the world, such as Sub-Saharan Africa, where corruption is pe...

Measures of corruption and income are highly correlated across countries. We use prehistoric measures of biogeography as instruments for modern income levels. We find that our instrumented incomes explain the cross-country pattern of corruption just as well as do actual incomes. This result demonstrates that the long-run causality is entirely from income to corruption. Hence, there is a Corrupt...

In this chapter I present some preliminary results on the nature of corruption and countervailing action in Pakistan, drawing on data extracted from newspapers. Once it is recognized that corruption creates losers as well as winners, some dramatic implications for the theory of corruption emerge. This leads to an analysis of the countervailing action taken by losers to offset their losses from ...

BACKGROUND Evaluating the quality of healthcare and patient safety using general population questionnaires is important from research and policy perspective. Using a special wave of the Eurobarometer survey, we analysed the general population's perception of health care quality and patient safety in a cross-country setting. METHODS We used ordered probit, ordinary least squares and probit ana...

This paper presents theoretical and empirical evidence on the nexus between corruption and democracy. We establish a political economy model where the effect of democracy on corruption is conditional on income distribution and property rights protection. Our empirical analysis with cross-national panel data provides evidence that is consistent with the theoretical prediction. Moreover, the effe...