It was postulated that sex-linked genes affecting embryonic sensitivity to cortisone-induced cleft palate and cortisone-induced resorption might differ between inbred mouse strains showing pronounced reciprocal effects. The three strains tested were the A/J (A), C57BL/6J (B), and C3H/HeJ (C), whose sensitivities to cortisone-induced cleft palate had been shown to be: A > C > B. The sensitivity ...

Although there are published references to over 200 cases of tuberculous meningitis treated with A.C.T.H., cortisone, or hydrocortisone, very few authors describe the effects of these hormones on patients with over 1 % protein in the C.S.F. Kendig, Choy and Johnson (1956) gave cortisone to a child during two periods when her C.S.F. protein was above 5 g. %; the protein content fell below 1 g. w...

The clinical evidence for the harmful effect of cortisone on patients infected with tubercle bacilli (American Trudeau Society, 1952; Fred et al., 1951; Traut and Ellman, 1952) has been supported by a series of laboratory studies on mice (Hart and Ress, 1950), rats (Cummings et al., 1952; Michael et al., 1950), guinea pigs (Spain and Molomut, 1950), and rabbits (Lurie et al., 1951). In the prec...

Cortisol homeostasis is implicated in hypertension and metabolic syndrome. Two enzymes modulate cortisol availability; 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) preferentially converts inactive cortisone to cortisol, whereas 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11β-HSD2) converts cortisol to cortisone. In contrast, 5α and 5β reductases inactivate cortisol by conversion to its tetra...

In human adrenarche during childhood, the secretion of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) from the adrenal gland increases due to its increased synthesis and/or decreased metabolism. DHEA is synthesized by 17a-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase, and is metabolized by 3b-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (3bHSD2). In this study, the inhibition of purified human 3bHSD2 by the adrenal steroids, androstenedione,...

Experimental evidence suggests that treatment with cortisone orACTH increases the rate of accumulation of tissue amyloid. Thus Teilum (1952) has shown that mice previously treated with casein in doses insufficient to cause amyloidosis accumulate amyloid quickly in the spleen after a small number of injections of cortisone. Latvalahti (1953) has confirmed this observation and has shown that mice...

The primary purpose of this review article is to discuss the role of diagnostic, corticosteroid, hyaluronic acid (HA) and platelet rich plasma (PRP) in the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) and femoroacetabular impingement (FIA). These treatments play an important biological role in the non-operative management of these conditions. Two independent reviewers performed an search of PubMed for arti...

The effects of cortisone treatment on oxygen consumption, oxidative phosphorylation, and fine structure of rat liver mitochondria have been studied. Male rats weighing 125 g were treated for 6 days with 5 mg of cortisone acetate or isotonic saline. On the 7th day, sections of liver were excised and processed for light and electron microscopy. Mitochondrial respiration and oxidative phosphorylat...

Administration of nickel carbonyl to rats by intravenous in jection (2 mg Ni/100 gm body weight) inhibited the induction of hepatic tryptophan pyrrolase by cortisone but not by tryptophan. Cortisone induction was impaired on the day after admin istration of nickel carbonyl. It reached a minimum at 2 days and remained diminished for 5 days. The average activity of hepatic tryptophan pyrrolase in...

The first clinical evidence that an extract of animal adrenocortical tissue could counteract human adrenal failure was demonstrated in 1930. As chemical analyses of cortical extracts proceeded, mainly in the laboratories of Kendall at the Mayo Clinic and Reichstein in Zurich, it became evident that there is not one cortical hormone, but that all are steroids. By 1940 it was understood that ther...