Several oxidative stressors (dietary selenium deficiency, dietary vitamin E deficiency coupled with fish oil feeding, genetic reduction of glutathione peroxidase activity) allow a normally benign coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3/0) to damage heart muscle in host mice. This study investigated whether dietary iron overload, another oxidant stress, would also permit CVB3/0 to exert a cardiopathologic effec...

BACKGROUND Myeloid differentiation factor (MyD)-88 is a key adaptor protein that plays a major role in the innate immune pathway. How MyD88 may regulate host response in inflammatory heart disease is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS We found that the cardiac protein level of MyD88 was significantly increased in the hearts of wild-type mice after exposure to Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3). MyD88(-/-) mi...

Viral myocarditis is a major cause of sudden cardiac death in children and young adults. Among viruses, coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is the most common agent for myocarditis. Recently, more consideration has been given to the role of signaling pathways in pathogenesis of enteroviral myocarditis, providing new platform for identifying a new potential therapeutic target for this, so far, incurable di...

The viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (3D(pol)) is highly conserved between the closely related enteroviruses poliovirus type 1 (PV1) and coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3). In this study, we generated PV1/CVB3 chimeric polymerase sequences in the context of full-length poliovirus transcripts to determine the role of different subdomains within the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of PV1 that are required f...

Myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) are often caused by viral infections and occur more frequently in men than in women, but the reasons for the sex difference remain unclear. The aim of this study was to assess whether gene changes in the heart during coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) myocarditis in male and female BALB/c mice predicted worse DCM in males. Although myocarditis (P = 4.2 × 10(-5...

Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) infection induces myocardial inflammation and myocyte necrosis in some, but not all, strains of mice. C57BL/6 mice, which inherently lack major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II IE antigen, develop minimal cardiac lesions despite high levels of virus in the heart. The present experiments evaluate the relative roles of class II IA and IE expression on myocarditis...

Cathepsin B (CatB) is a cysteine proteolytic enzyme widely expressed in various cells and mainly located in the lysosomes. It contributes to the pathogenesis and development of many diseases. However, the role of CatB in viral myocarditis (VMC) has never been elucidated. Here we generated the VMC model by intraperitoneal injection of coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) into mice. At day 7 and day 28, we f...

Enteroviruses, including coxsackieviruses, exhibit significant tropism for the central nervous system, and these viruses are commonly associated with viral meningitis and encephalitis. Previously, we described the ability of coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) to infect proliferating neuronal progenitor cells located in the neonatal subventricular zone and persist in the adult murine central nervous syste...

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com Abbreviations: AhR: Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor; Arnt: Nuclear Translocator; CLP: Cecal Ligation and Puncture; CVB3: Coxsackievirus B3; CRP: C-Reactive Protein; CYP-450: Cytochrome P-450; ECOD: Ethoxycoumarin O-Deethylase; GH: Growth Hormone; IMND: Imipramine N-Demethylase; iNOS: inducible Nitric Oxide Synthetase; icv: intracerebroventricularly; IFN-γ...

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com Abbreviations: AhR: Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor; Arnt: Nuclear Translocator; CLP: Cecal Ligation and Puncture; CVB3: Coxsackievirus B3; CRP: C-Reactive Protein; CYP-450: Cytochrome P-450; ECOD: Ethoxycoumarin O-Deethylase; GH: Growth Hormone; IMND: Imipramine N-Demethylase; iNOS: inducible Nitric Oxide Synthetase; icv: intracerebroventricularly; IFN-γ...