Supplementary lighting is frequently applied in the winter season for crop production in greenhouses. The effect of supplementary lighting on plant growth depends on the balance between assimilate production in source leaves and the overall capacity of the plants to use assimilates. This study aims at quantifying the source-sink balance and carbohydrate content of three tomato cultivars differi...

In India, the area under transgenic crop cultivation has witnessed a phenomenal growth from 1.3 million hectares in 2005 to 3.8 million hectares in 2006, which is an increase of about 300 % in a year period (James 2006). Till March 2005, a total of 20 Bt-transgenic cotton hybrids have been released for commercial cultivation in northern, western and southern regions of India (Sharma et al. 2006...

The significance of xylem function and metabolic scaling theory begins from the idea that water transport is strongly coupled to growth rate. At the same time, coordination of water transport and growth seemingly should differ between plant functional types. We evaluated the relationships between water transport, growth and species stature in six species of co-occurring trees and shrubs. Within...

this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of probiotic bactocell, a-max and inflammatory breast prebiotic mixture of these two compounds on growth, feed and larval survival of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) conducted for 84 days. testing a randomized complete block design consisting of zero (control), 1.0, and 2.0 grams of probiotic bactocell, 5/1 and 5/2 grams of prebiotic a-max and...

The residual effects of crop residues on N availability and crop growth are largely unknown. A field experiment was conducted from 1986 through 1988 at Lincoln, NE, to determine the residual effects on no-till corn (Zea mays L.) production and N uptake of 0,50, 100, and 1509'0 of the amount of crop residues produced by the previous crop during the previous 5 yr. These effects were evaluated wit...

an experiment was conducted as a split plot based on complete randomized block design with three replications in the fall of 2010 at the farm of lorestan university, khorramabad, iran. four winter wheat cultivars (marvdasht, azar, shiraz and line m-79-7) as the main plot and levels of iron oxide nanoparticles (ion) along with control treatment were the subplot. iron fertilizer spraying was done...

Let (M, g) be a compact Riemannian manifold with universal covering M̃ . The simplest asymptotic invariant which can be associated to (M, g) is the exponential growth rate h(g) of volume on the universal covering, called the volume entropy. If B r (p) denotes the geodesic ball of radius r about p ∈ M̃ and volg(B r (p)) describes its volume with respect to the Riemannian metric g lifted to M̃ then ...

Many graph theoretical parameters have been used to describe the vulnerability of communication networks, including toughness, binding number, rate of disruption, neighbor-connectivity, integrity, mean integrity, edgeconnectivity vector, l-connectivity and tenacity. In this paper we discuss Integrity and its properties in vulnerability calculation. The integrity of a graph G, I(G), is defined t...